Runx Family Genes in Tissue Stem Cell Dynamics
The Runx family genes play important roles in development and cancer, largely via their regulation of tissue stem cell behavior. Their involvement in two organs, blood and skin, is well documented. This review summarizes currently known Runx functions in
- PDF / 1,052,125 Bytes
- 22 Pages / 504.567 x 720 pts Page_size
- 48 Downloads / 177 Views
Runx Family Genes in Tissue Stem Cell Dynamics Chelsia Qiuxia Wang, Michelle Meng Huang Mok, Tomomasa Yokomizo, Vinay Tergaonkar, and Motomi Osato
Abstract
The Runx family genes play important roles in development and cancer, largely via their regulation of tissue stem cell behavior. Their involvement in two organs, blood and skin, is well documented. This review summarizes currently known Runx functions in the stem cells of these tissues. The fundamental core mechanism(s) mediated by Runx proteins has been sought; however, it appears that there does not exist one single common machinery that governs both tissue stem cells. Instead, Runx family genes employ multiple spatiotemporal mechanisms in regulating individual tissue stem cell populations. Such specific Runx requirements have been unveiled by a series of cell type-, developmental stage- or age-specific gene targeting studies in mice. Observations from these experiments revealed that the regulation of stem cells by Runx family genes turned out to be far more complex than previously thought. For instance, although it has been reported that Runx1 is required for the endothelial-to- hematopoietic cell transition (EHT) but not thereafter, recent studies clearly demonstrated that Runx1 is also needed during the period subsequent to EHT, namely at perinatal stage. In addition, Runx1 ablation in the
C.Q. Wang Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore M.M.H. Mok Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore T. Yokomizo International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
V. Tergaonkar Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore M. Osato (*) Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore Department of Paediatrics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan e-mail: [email protected]
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 Y. Groner et al. (eds.), RUNX Proteins in Development and Cancer, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 962, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3233-2_9
117
C.Q. Wang et al.
118
embryonic skin mesenchyme eventually leads to complete loss of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in the adult epithelium, suggesting that Runx1 facilitates the specification of skin epithelial stem cells in a cell extrinsic manner. Further in-depth investigation into how Runx family genes are involved in stem cell regulation is warranted. Keywords
Runx • Hmga2 • Hematopoietic stem cell • Hair follicle stem cell • Niche • Fetal liver • Leukemia • Skin cancer • Perinatal • Aging • DNA damage repair • Conditional knockout mice
9.1
Introduction
In multicellular organisms, terminally differentiated cells
Data Loading...
