Russia in the Age of the Enlightenment Essays for Isabel de Madariag

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Isabel de Madariaga (photograph by Parliament Hill Studios)

Russia in the Age of the Enlightenment Essays for Isabel de Madariaga Edited by

ROGER BARTLETT Reader in Russian History School of Slavonic and East European Studies University of London

and

JANET HARTLEY Lecturer in International History London School of Economics and Political Science

Palgrave Macmillan

ISBN 978-1-349-20899-9 ISBN 978-1-349-20897-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-20897-5 C School of Slavonic and East European Studies 1990 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1990 AIl rights reserved. For infonnation, write:

Scholarly and Reference Division, SL Martin's Press, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010

First published in the United States of America in 1990

ISBN 978-0-312-04069-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Russia in the Age of the En1ightemnent : Essays for Isabel de Madariaga/ edited by Roger Bartlett and Janet Hartley in association with the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London. p. em. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-312-04069-7 1. Soviet Union-History-I689-I800. 2. De Madariaga, Isabel, 1919-. I. Bartlett, Roger P. II. Hartley, Janet M. III. University of London. School of Slavonic and East European Studies. DK 127.R89 1990 947'.06-dc20 89-28769 CIP

Contents Preface

Vll

ix

Notes on the Contributors 1 Introduction Marc Raeff

1

2 Russia as a European Great Power H. M. Scott

7

3 Russian National Consciousness and its Development in the Eighteenth Century I/'ia Serman

40

4 The Image of the Eighteenth-Century Russian Author W. Gareth Jones

57

5 Navigation and the Modernisation of Petrine Russia: Teachers, Textbooks, Terminology W. F. Ryan

75

6 Favourites, Favouritism and Female Rule in Russia, 1725-1796 J. T. Alexander

106

7 F. G. Strube de Piermont and the Origins of Russian Legal History w.£&~

1~

8 The Question of Serfdom: Catherine II, the Russian Debate and the View from the Baltic Periphery (J. G. Eisen and G. H. Merkel) Roger Bartlett v

142

Contents

vi

9 Philanthropy in the Reign of Catherine the Great: Aims and Realities Janet M. Hartley

167

10 Catherine the Great: Views from the Distaff Side Anthony Cross

203

11

The Secret Committee on the Old Believers: Moving away from Catherine II's Policy of Religious Toleration Pia Pera

222

Bibliography of the Publications of Isabel de Madariaga

242

Index of Names

248

Preface In 1989 Professor Isabel de Madariaga celebrated her seventieth birthday. This volume of essays by colleagues, friends and former students commemorates her outstanding contribution to modern scholarship on the history of Russia. It is appropriate that this volume should appear in the series 'Studies in Russia and East Europe', published by Macmillan and the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London. Isabel de Madariaga helped to establish the series, not the least of her contributions to the School of Slavonic and East European Studies and London University, with which her