Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture From Concept to Implementation
This book offers a broad and global level description of the current status of wastewater use in agriculture and then brings the readers to various places in the MENA Region and Europe to explain how some countries and regions have addressed the challenge
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Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture
Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture
Hiroshan Hettiarachchi Reza Ardakanian •
Editors
Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture From Concept to Implementation
123
Editors Hiroshan Hettiarachchi United Nations University (UNU-FLORES) Dresden, Sachsen Germany
Reza Ardakanian United Nations University (UNU-FLORES) Dresden, Sachsen Germany
ISBN 978-3-319-74267-0 ISBN 978-3-319-74268-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74268-7
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017963635 © UNU-FLORES 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Irrigation is perhaps the most prominent example that we have today to showcase the safe use potential of wastewater. Water scarcity and the cost of energy and fertilizers have driven millions of farmers and other entrepreneurs to make use of wastewater. On a global scale, over 20 million hectares of agricultural land is already irrigated using wastewater. Agriculture, a field that depended on fresh water for irrigation for thousands of years, now needs a more organized and more scientific structure to make use of this opportunity. In order to address the technical, institutional, and policy challenges of safe water reuse, developing countries and countries in transition need clear institutional arrangements and more skilled human resources, with a sound understanding of the opportunities and potential risks of wastewater use. To address above capacity development needs, a new initiative called “Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture” (SUWA) was launched in 2011 by the United Nations Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC) led by Reza Arda
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