Safety of vertebral augmentation with cranio-caudal expansion implants in vertebral compression fractures with posterior
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INTERVENTIONAL
Safety of vertebral augmentation with cranio-caudal expansion implants in vertebral compression fractures with posterior wall protrusion Louis Meyblum 1 & Kévin Premat 1 & Mahmoud Elhorany 1 & Eimad Shotar 1 & Évelyne Cormier 1 & Vincent Degos 2 & Hugues Pascal-Mousselard 3 & Sylvie Rosenberg 4 & Frédéric Clarençon 1 & Jacques Chiras 1 Received: 3 March 2020 / Accepted: 10 April 2020 # European Society of Radiology 2020
Abstract Objectives Vertebral augmentation (VA) has become routinely used in vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). VCFs are often associated with posterior wall protrusions (PWPs), which theoretically contraindicates vertebroplasty due to a higher risk of neurological complications. The latest generation of VA devices uses intravertebral cranio-caudal expandable implants to improve the correction of structural deformities but could also be used to prevent further PWP during cement injection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of VA with expandable implant for VCFs with PWP. Methods All consecutive patients treated with expandable implants were considered eligible for inclusion if they met the following criteria: (1) non-neurological VCF, (2) considered unstable (A3–A4 in AOSpine classification), (3) significant PWP (> 2 mm), (4) back pain with a visual analogue scale (VAS) ≥ 4. PWPs were independently measured by two investigators; Pearson’s statistics were used for interobserver reproducibility. Results Fifty-one consecutive patients, with a mean age of 75 ± 8.3 years (range, 50–92), were included. There was a slight decrease between mean preoperative (6.7 mm ± 2.2 mm) and postoperative (6.5 mm ± 2.2 mm) PWP (p = 0.02), with an excellent interobserver reproducibility (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.92). A mean kyphosis reduction of 34.9% (± 28.4) was observed (p < 0.001). Forty-two patients (82.4%) had significant pain improvements (mean preoperative VAS = 6.9 [± 1.7] versus 3.1 [± 2.0] postoperatively [p < 0.001]). Secondary adjacent level fractures were noted in 16 patients (31.4%), with a reduction of that risk down to 18.8% if a preventive adjacent vertebroplasty was performed, without reaching the significance threshold (p = 0.14). Conclusions VA with expandable implants appeared safe for non-neurological VCFs with PWP, while allowing satisfactory pain relief. Key Points • Vertebral augmentation with cranio-caudal expandable implants is safe for non-neurological vertebral compression fractures with posterior wall protrusions. • Vertebral augmentation with cranio-caudal expandable implants might increase the occurrence of secondary adjacent level fractures. • Adjacent level vertebroplasty might be helpful to prevent secondary adjacent level fractures. Keywords Spinal fractures . Vertebroplasty . Osteoporotic fractures . Back pain
* Frédéric Clarençon [email protected] 1
2
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix Hospitals, F75013 Paris, France
3
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, So
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