Seaweed Flora of the European North Atlantic and Mediterranean
Algae, like most vegetables, have cells with pigments that allow them to perform the photosynthesis. These organisms have a wide geographical distribution, colonizing various sites, but always linked to the presence of water. They can be found floating in
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Seaweed Flor
6. Seaweed Flora of the European North Atlantic and Mediterranean Leonel Pereira
6.1 Marine Macroalgae (Seaweeds) ................ 6.1.1 Role of Algae in Nature................... 6.1.2 Main Taxonomic Groups of Benthic Marine Algae ................. 6.1.3 Marine Algae Morphology ............... 6.1.4 Importance of Algae for Mankind .... 6.1.5 Historical Overview of Algae Use on Health Treatments .....................
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6.2 The Marine Algae and Their Biotechnological Potential .......
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6.3 Taxonomy and Description of Marine Algae with Biotechnological Potential ............... 67 6.3.1 Domain/Empire Prokaryota, Kingdom Bacteria, Phylum Cyanobacteria (Blue–Green Algae) ........................ 67 6.3.2 Domain/Empire Eukaryota, Kingdom Plantae, Phylum Chlorophyta (Green Algae)................................. 67 6.3.3 Domain/Empire Eukaryota, Kingdom Plantae, Phylum Rhodophyta (Red Algae).................................... 81 6.3.4 Domain/Empire Eukaryota, Kingdom Chromista, Phylum Ochrophyta; Class Phaeophyceae (Brown Algae) .............................. 114 References...................................................
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6.1 Marine Macroalgae (Seaweeds) Algae, like most vegetables, have cells with pigments that allow them to perform the photosynthesis. Algae have a wide geographical distribution, colonizing various sites, but always linked to the presence of water. They can be found floating in the water, on
wet rocks, walls, or in association with other organisms, as in the case of lichens, in association with fungi. They are particularly abundant in lakes, rivers, and seas, occupying the euphotic region (or photic), i. e.,
Part A | 6.1
Algae, like most vegetables, have cells with pigments that allow them to perform the photosynthesis. These organisms have a wide geographical distribution, colonizing various sites, but always linked to the presence of water. They can be found floating in the water, on wet rocks, walls, or in association with other organisms, as in the case of lichens, in association with fungi. They are particularly abundant in lakes, rivers, and seas, occupying the euphotic region (or photic), i. e., up to lower penetration of light effective for the realization of photosynthesis of algae (up to 200 m deep). Those that live in water can be planktonic (microalgae) or benthic (macroalgae). The former are small and live suspended in water (microscopic), whereas the latter remain fixed to a substrate (usually rock), are larger in size (macroscopic), and may reach 50 m in length. Seaweeds inhabit the oceans more than 2000 million years and are used as food by people in Asia since the 17th century. Today, seaweed is used in many countries for several purposes: directly as food, phycocolloids extraction (carrageenan, agar, and alginate) used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Algae are also used in the extraction of antiviral, antibacterial compounds, and biofertilizers. The larger or macroscopic algae, called macroalgae or seaweed, are ma
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