Second virial coefficients of light nuclear clusters and their chemical freeze-out in nuclear collisions
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Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Second virial coefficients of light nuclear clusters and their chemical freeze-out in nuclear collisions K. A. Bugaev1,2,a , O. V. Vitiuk2,3 , B. E. Grinyuk1, V. V. Sagun1,4 , N. S. Yakovenko2 , O. I. Ivanytskyi1,4 , G. M. Zinovjev1, D. B. Blaschke5,6,7 , E. G. Nikonov8 , L. V. Bravina3 , E. E. Zabrodin3,9 , S. Kabana10 , S. V. Kuleshov11 , G. R. Farrar12 , E. S. Zherebtsova7,13 , A. V. Taranenko7 1
Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Metrologichna str. 14B, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine 3 University of Oslo, POB 1048 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway 4 Department of Physics, CFisUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal 5 Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Max Born Pl. 9, 50-204 Wroclaw, Poland 6 Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, JINR Dubna, Joliot-Curie Str. 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia 7 National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Kashirskoe Shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia 8 Laboratory for Information Technologies, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia 9 Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia 10 Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica, Chile 11 Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sazié 2212, Piso 7, Santiago, Chile 12 Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA 13 Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Science, 108840 Moscow, Russia 2
Received: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 30 October 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Communicated by Laura Tolos
Abstract Here we develop a new strategy to analyze the chemical freeze-out of light (anti)nuclei produced in high energy collisions of heavy atomic nuclei within an advanced version of the hadron resonance gas model. It is based on two different, but complementary approaches to model the hard-core repulsion between the light nuclei and hadrons. The first approach is based on an approximate treatment of the equivalent hard-core radius of a roomy nuclear cluster and pions, while the second approach is rigorously derived here using a self-consistent treatment of classical excluded volumes of light (anti)nuclei and hadrons. By construction, in a hadronic medium dominated by pions, both approaches should give the same results. Employing this strategy to the analysis of hadronic and light (anti)nuclei multiplicities mea√ sured by ALICE at s N N = 2.76 TeV and by STAR at √ s N N = 200 GeV, we got rid of the existing ambiguity in the description of light (anti)nuclei data and determined the chemical freeze-out parameters of nuclei with high accuracy and confidence. At ALICE energy the nuclei are frozen prior to the hadrons at the temperature T = 175.1+2.3 −3.9 MeV, while at STAR energy there is a single freeze-out of hadrons and nuclei at the temperature T = 167.2 ± 3.9 MeV. We argue that the f
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