Seeing, Thinking and Knowing Meaning and Self-Organisation in Visual

According to Putnam to talk of “facts” without specifying the language to be used is to talk of nothing; “object” itself has many uses and as we creatively invent new uses of words “we find that we can speak of ‘objects’that were not ‘values of any variab

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THEORY AND DECISION LIBRARY General Editors: W. Leinfellner (Vienna) and G. Eberlein (Munich) Series A: Philosophy and Methodology of the Social Sciences Series B: Mathematical and Statistical Methods Series C: Game Theory, Mathematical Programming and Operations Research

SERIES A: PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES VOLUME 38

Series Editor: W. Leinfellner (Technical University of Vienna), G. Eberlein (Technical University of Munich); Editorial Board: R. Boudon (Paris), M. Bunge (Montreal), J. S. Coleman (Chicago), J. Götschl (Graz), L. Kern (Pullach), I. Levi (New York), R. Mattessich (Vancouver), B. Munier (Cachan), J. Nida-Rümelin (Göttingen), A. Rapoport (Toronto), A. Sen (Cambridge, U.S.A.), R. Tuomela (Helsinki), A. Tversky (Stanford). Scope: This series deals with the foundations, the general methodology and the criteria, goals and purpose of the social sciences. The emphasis in the Series A will be on well-argued, thoroughly analytical rather than advanced mathematical treatments. In this context, particular attention will be paid to game and decision theory and general philosophical topics from mathematics, psychology and economics, such as game theory, voting and welfare theory, with applications to political science, sociology, law and ethics.

The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.

SEEING, THINKING AND KNOWING Meaning and Self-Organisation in Visual Cognition and Thought Edited by

Arturo Carsetti University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy

KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW

eBook ISBN: Print ISBN:

1-4020-2081-3 1-4020-2080-5

©2004 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. Print ©2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America

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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

5

INTRODUCTION A. Carsetti

7

PART I SEEING AND THINKING: A NEW APPROACH NEURAL MODELS OF SEEING AND THINKING S. Grossberg

29

FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE VISUAL CORTEX AND VARIATIONAL MODELS FOR KANIZSA’S MODAL SUBJECTIVE CONTOURS J. Petitot

55

GESTALT THEORY AND COMPUTER VISION A. Desolneux, L. Moisan & J.M. Morel

71

TOWARDS AN ANALYTIC PHENOMENOLOGY: THE CONCEPTS OF “BODILINESS” AND “GRABBINESS” J. K. O’Regan, E. Myin & A. Noë

103

INTERNAL REPRESENTATIONS OF SENSORY INPUT REFLECT THE MOTOR OUTPUT WITH WHICH ORGANISMS RESPOND TO THE INPUT A. Di Ferdinando & D. Parisi

115

MOVEMES FOR MODELING BIOLOGICAL MOTION PERCEPTION L. Goncalves, E. Di Bernardo & P. Perona

143

FORM CONSTRAINTS IN MOTION INTEGRATION, SEGMENTATION AND SELECTION J. Lorenceau

171

3

4 SCINTILLATIONS, EXTINCTIONS AND OTHER NEW VISUAL EFFECTS J. Ninio

191

COMMONALITIES BETWEEN VISUAL IMAGERY AND IM