Seismic Deformations in the Archeological Monuments of Mugkala and Mugtepa (Fergana Depression, Uzbekistan)
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mic Deformations in the Archeological Monuments of Mugkala and Mugtepa (Fergana Depression, Uzbekistan) A. M. Korzhenkova, *, M. T. Usmanovab, A. A. Anarbaevc, M. Saidovd, Sh. Nasriddinove, and T. K. Zakhidovb aSchmidt
Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123242 Russia Mavlyanov Institute of Seismology, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100128 Uzbekistan c Tashkent Department of the Gulyamov Institute of Archeological Research, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100047 Uzbekistan d Gulyamov Institute of Archeological Research, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, Samarkand, 140103 Uzbekistan e Namangan State University, Namangan, 116019 Uzbekistan *e-mail: [email protected] b
Abstract—The article provides data on the geological, tectonic, and seismological situation of the region. Results of archeoseismological field studies of the ancient fortress and castle of Mugkala and Mugtepa in the Fergana Valley (Namangan region, Uzbekistan) are considered. At the archeological sites, we revealed such characteristic destruction and damage as wedges, inclinations, shaking, sagging, and extend through cracks and interbrick cracks in city walls, confirming their seismogenic origin. Similar seismic deformations can be considered as evidence of the high local seismic oscillation intensity. It was noted that seismic shocks propagated along the sublatitudinal axis. Both the Mugtepa and Mugkala archeological sites are located between the North Fergana Fault and North Fergana flexural-fracture zone. The seismicity of the research area is associated with the development of the Kasansay group of young Quaternary anticlinal folds. A new residence on Mugtepa could have been built by new kings of the Fergana Valley at the end 1st century BCE, which was destroyed in the 1st century CE by a strong earthquake with a local seismic intensity of IL = VIII–IX (MSK64 scale). The residence of the Turkic Khaganate could have been built by new kings of Fergana Valley in a new location. Mugkala could also have been destroyed by a strong earthquake with a seismic intensity of IL = VIII–IX (MSK-64 scale) at the end of the 8th century CE. This earthquake caused the various deformations described in the paper. Keywords: seismic deformations, seismogenic faults, Fergana Valley, ancient earthquakes, Uzbekistan, Namangan region, Western Tien Shan, Kasansay region, Mugkala, Mugtepa DOI: 10.3103/S0747923920060043
INTRODUCTION The Fergana intermontane depression is surrounded by mountain ranges from the north, east, and south. The contact of such significant depressions and mountain framing passes everywhere along border fault zones characterized by high tectonic and seismic activity. That is why the epicentral zones of the known strong seismic events in the region were located in mountainous areas. For example, the epicentral zone of the 1946 Chatkal earthquake (M = 7.5, I = IX–X), according to instrumental data, was located at the junction of the Fergana, Chatkal, and
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