Selective removal of iron(III) from highly salted chloride acidic solutions by solvent extraction using di(2-ethylhexyl)
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Selective removal of iron(III) from highly salted chloride acidic solutions by solvent extraction using di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate Guoping Hu (✉)1,2, Yue Wu2, Desheng Chen1, Yong Wang1, Tao Qi1, Lina Wang (✉)1 1 Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
© Higher Education Press 2020
Abstract Metal ions including Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Cu2+ are commonly found in the leaching solution of laterite-nickel ores, and the pre-removal of Fe3+ is extremely important for the recovery of nickel and cobalt. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate acid (D2EHPA) showed high extraction rate and selectivity of Fe3+ over other metal ions. The acidity of the aqueous solution is crucial to the extraction of Fe3+, and the stoichiometry ratio between Fe3+ and the extractant is 0.86:1.54. The enthalpy for the extraction of Fe3+ using D2EHPA was 19.50 kJ/mol. The extraction of Fe3+ was ≥99% under the optimized conditions after a three-stage solvent extraction process. The iron stripping effects of different reagents showed an order of H 2 C 2 O 4 > NH 4 HCO 3 > HCl > NaCl > NaHCO3 > Na2SO3. The stripping of Fe was ≥99% under the optimized conditions using H2C2O4 as a stripping reagent. Keywords solvent extraction, iron, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate acid, separation
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Introduction
Iron has always been one of the most important commodities in our society. It is also an important element for plants, animals and human body. The extraction of iron has been studied extensively on both large and small scales, for both fundamental interests and industry purposes. Iron-bearing ores is a very important resource for industry, and quite often iron coexists with a range of Received April 9, 2020; accepted April 27, 2020 E-mails: [email protected] (Hu G); [email protected] (Wang L)
nonferrous metals. A conventional method for the extraction of iron is called pyrometallurgy, in which the minerals are melted and reduced at high temperature conditions. This often requires very high energy costs, low recovery for low-grade minerals and large amount of greenhouse gas emissions [1]. Another method is hydrometallurgy, in which minerals are leached from ores or slags using acidic or basic solutions [2], and processed via separation and purification technologies [3,4]. Laterite-nickel ores represent almost 40% of the nickel production and hydrometallurgy of these minerals has been investigated extensively [2,5]. The componsents of a typical saprolitic laterite ore were listed as bellow (Table 1) given by Zhang et al. [2]. The leached solution often contains a range of ions including Fe3+, Cu2+, Co2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ [6–8]. As an impurity element (or byproduct) in hydro-solution, Fe3+ must be removed from these solutions for iron utilization and nonferrous metals recovery [9]. Among the commonly used acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid or chloric acids [10–13], hydrochloric acid is favored as a leachi
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