Selenium Antagonism with Mercury and Arsenic: From Chemistry to Population Health and Demography
Selenium (Se) has been shown to act as a functional antagonist to mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As). Se may influence Hg and As toxicity by modulating redox homeostasis and inflammation. At the same time, the clinical significance of such interactions is ques
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Selenium Antagonism with Mercury and Arsenic: From Chemistry to Population Health and Demography Anatoly V. Skalny, Margarita G. Skalnaya, Alexandr A. Nikonorov, and Alexey A. Tinkov
Abstract Selenium (Se) has been shown to act as a functional antagonist to mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As). Se may influence Hg and As toxicity by modulating redox homeostasis and inflammation. At the same time, the clinical significance of such interactions is questionable. Despite extensive experimental data, human studies on the interaction between these trace elements, as well as on the influence of such interaction on human health are limited. Current data are reviewed on how Hg and Se interplay impacts on cardiovascular diseases, neurotoxicity, neurodegeneration, diabetes and obesity. Studies also demonstrate that the interaction between
A.V. Skalny (*) Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150000, Russia Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO “Centre for Biotic Medicine”, Moscow 105064, Russia Institute of Bioelementology (Russian Satellite Centre of Trace Element – Institute for UNESCO), Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460352, Russia All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow 117216, Russia e-mail: [email protected] M.G. Skalnaya Russian Society of Trace Elements in Medicine, ANO “Centre for Biotic Medicine”, Moscow 105064, Russia A.A. Nikonorov Institute of Bioelementology (Russian Satellite Centre of Trace Element – Institute for UNESCO), Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460352, Russia Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia A.A. Tinkov Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150000, Russia Institute of Bioelementology (Russian Satellite Centre of Trace Element – Institute for UNESCO), Orenburg State University, Orenburg 460352, Russia Department of Biochemistry, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460000, Russia © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2016 D.L. Hatfield et al. (eds.), Selenium, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41283-2_34
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Se and As significantly affects the development of certain cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This notion is further supported by the results of our analysis of 63,118 adults and 13,734 children from different regions of Russia indicating that the hair Se/Hg ratio is characterized by a tighter association with demographical indices (birth rate, mortality, life span, total morbidity) and morbidity than Hg or Se individually. It is proposed that modulation of the Se/As and Se/Hg ratios in humans may help to improve population health and demography. Keywords Arsenic • Cancer • Demography • Interaction • Mercury • Morbidity • Mortality • Neurotoxicity • Toxicity
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Introduction
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element involved in regulation and function of metabolic systems in humans through its role as a component of selenoproteins [1]. Consequently, it
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