Semantic frame induction through the detection of communities of verbs and their arguments
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RESEARCH
Applied Network Science
Open Access
Semantic frame induction through the detection of communities of verbs and their arguments Eugénio Ribeiro1,2 , Andreia Sofia Teixeira1,3,4* *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 INESC-ID, Lisboa, Portugal 3 Center for Social and Biomedical Complexity, School of Informatics, Computing, & Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
, Ricardo Ribeiro1,5 and David Martins de Matos1,2
Abstract Resources such as FrameNet, which provide sets of semantic frame definitions and annotated textual data that maps into the evoked frames, are important for several NLP tasks. However, they are expensive to build and, consequently, are unavailable for many languages and domains. Thus, approaches able to induce semantic frames in an unsupervised manner are highly valuable. In this paper we approach that task from a network perspective as a community detection problem that targets the identification of groups of verb instances that evoke the same semantic frame and verb arguments that play the same semantic role. To do so, we apply a graph-clustering algorithm to a graph with contextualized representations of verb instances or arguments as nodes connected by edges if the distance between them is below a threshold that defines the granularity of the induced frames. By applying this approach to the benchmark dataset defined in the context of SemEval 2019, we outperformed all of the previous approaches to the task, achieving the current state-of-the-art performance. Keywords: Semantic frames, Semantic roles, Contextualized representations, Community detection, Graph clustering
Introduction A word may have different senses depending on the context in which it appears. Conversely, different words that appear in the same context are typically related in some manner. Fillmore’s theory of frame semantics (Fillmore 1976) states that these contexts, which are based on recurring experiences, can be represented in the form of semantic frames. A semantic frame is defined as a coherent structure of related concepts, such that without knowledge of all of them, one does not have complete knowledge of any of them. Using less abstract terms and partially relying on Minsky’s definition in the context of knowledge representation and artificial intelligence (Minsky 1974), a semantic frame is a conceptual structure that describes a situation or entity, as well as its participants or properties. These participants are typically associated with the roles that they play in the context of the frame. Semantic roles that are specific to the frame are called frame slots © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if chang
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