Sensitivities, specificities and correlates of certain liver damage marker parameters in Red Sokoto goats
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Sensitivities, specificities and correlates of certain liver damage marker parameters in Red Sokoto goats Patrick Emeka Aba 1
&
John Ikechukwu Ihedioha 2 & Innocent Chima Nwaogu 3
Received: 1 March 2020 / Accepted: 23 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study comparatively evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of various serum biochemical markers of liver damage in the diagnosis of hepatic disorders in Red Sokoto goats billed for slaughter. The study design was a cross-sectional survey. Research visits to Ikpa Market Lairage and Abattoir located in Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria, were made two times a week for the period of 12 weeks. All goats presented for sale and slaughter on the days of the research visits were evaluated. The goats were examined and tagged. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of the goats prior to slaughter for harvesting of sera which were used for the assay of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), albumin and cholesterol. Upon slaughter and evisceration, the liver was examined and photographed. Calculations on the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the serum biochemical parameters were made. Comparative evaluation of the clinical values showed that combining results of the assayed serum biochemical markers of liver damage improved the number of true positives (22.31%) and sensitivity of up to 71.05%. AST and ALT, cholesterol and albumin correlated positively and strongly (p < 0.001), while albumin and GGT, cholesterol and GGT correlated negatively. It was concluded that the sensitivity of diagnosis improved when the serum biochemical markers of liver damage were considered together as a panel. Keywords Liver function test . Red Sokoto goat . Predictive value . Sensitivity . Specificity
Introduction The economic importance of goats especially in the developing countries such as Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. Goats are very useful in provision of meat, milk, fur, and skin globally (Wilson 1987). Goats are major part of the livestock economy and culture of most developing countries. In Nigeria, three breeds of goats are distinguished: Sahel, Red Sokoto and West African dwarf goats (Ngere et al. 1984).
* Patrick Emeka Aba [email protected] 1
Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
2
Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
3
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Liver disorders and diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and underproduction in livestock industry (Abidi et al. 1989). Fasciolosis is a major cause of liver disorders in goats (Okoli et al. 2000). In a study by Mellau et al. (2010), liver condemnati
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