Sensitivity of air desiccant cooling system to climatic conditions: a comparative study on many systems
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Sensitivity of air desiccant cooling system to climatic conditions: a comparative study on many systems Mohammed Zerouali1 · Nabil Labed2 Received: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Air desiccant cooling systems are burgeoning. Their major advantage is the use of water alone as a refrigerant. Pairing with efficient solar panels looks promising. Much research is underway to improve the techniques and performances of installa‑ tions. In this article, we present the results of a calculation code that we developed from experimental data. It studies the conditions of air treatment by desiccation according to three different techniques with wide intervals of climatic conditions in order to point the limits of applicability. The objective is to precisely define the area in which each type of handling system can be used. We started by simulating the treatment of the air in the desiccant handling system (DHU) operating according to four techniques in order to choose one for the Algerian climate. A validation of the results with the experimental data was made. According to our calculations, DHU using Pennington cycle are not able to achieve satisfactory comfort conditions. An improvement in the Pennington cycle is proposed. It consists in adding an exchanger cooled by the water leaving the heating circuit and which is used to cool the fresh air. This solution seems effective and gives clearly acceptable results for the climatic conditions studied. In the last part of this article, we present the calculation results relating to the sensitivity of each technique to variations in temperature and humid‑ ity conditions. We have thus successfully delimited the climatic zones of applicabil‑ ity of each system from the process of the evolution of the air inside the building (coefficient ɛ). It has been confirmed that the improved Pennington cycle is the sys‑ tem best suited to Algerian climatic conditions. Keywords Air treatment · Desiccation · Humidification · Regeneration · Simulation · Solar * Mohammed Zerouali [email protected] Nabil Labed [email protected] 1
Laboratoire de Génie Energétique et Matériaux (LGEM), Université de Biskra, B.P. 145 R.P. 07000, Biskra, Algeria
2
University of Larbi Ben m’hidi, Oum‑El‑Bouaghi, Algeria
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M. Zerouali, N. Labed
Abbreviations Symbols AHU Air handing unit amb Ambient COP Coefficient of performance DHU Desiccant handing unit DW Desiccant wheel E Outlet point Elec Electric Exp Experimental h Enthalpy (kJ/kg) HC Heat exchanger Hum Humidifier I Inlet point ṁ Mass flow rate (kg/h) ret Return RH Relative humidity (%) sol Solar sim Simulation SW Rotary heat exchanger t Temperature (°C) x Humidity ratio (gwater vapor/kgdry air) z Altitude (m) ∆ Difference η Efficiency ε Direction of air treatment (kJ/kgda) ρ Volumic mass (kg/m3) Subscripts da Dry air e Outlet h Humide i Inlet max Maximum min Minimum s Blowing
1 Introduction The desiccant cooling
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