Behavioral responses of turkeys subjected to different climatic conditions
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Behavioral responses of turkeys subjected to different climatic conditions Angélica Signor Mendes 1 & Daniella Jorge de Moura 2 & Isadora Bischoff Nunes 1 Cleverson de Souza 1 & Gabriela Munhoz Morello 3 & Sabrina Endo Takahashi 1
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Isabela Lopes dos Santos 1
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Received: 7 May 2019 / Accepted: 9 October 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract I was evaluated the effect of seven different combinations of temperature, air velocity, and relative air humidity on the frequency and duration of eating, drinking, resting, cannibalism, dust bathing, scratching, ground pecking, shivering, and stretching behaviors of turkeys at three different ages. The combinations tested of temperature, relative air humidity, and air velocity were, respectively: 1 (22 °C, 50%, 1 m/s); 2 (26.2 °C, 73.2%, 0.45 m/s); 3 (26.6 °C, 71.2%, 1 m/s); 4 (28.9 °C, 72%, 1.4 m/s); 5 (31.1 °C, 85%, 0.45 m/s); 6 (34.1 °C, 82.1%, 1 m/s); and 7 (34.4 °C, 82.1%, 1.4 m/s) for three ages of birds (61, 96, and 131 days of age). Seven birds were housed per pen, at a density of 3 males/m2, totaling 147 birds in the entire experiment. Each combination was applied for 5 days. The data were analyzed considering the number of times the bird performed the behavior and the time it performed (in seconds). Each pen was considered a repetition. A comparison of the medians was used to compare the treatments by each age. The results showed that young birds were more likely to suffer from the combination of low temperature and high air velocity, reducing their frequency of normal behaviors. Increased humidity at a low temperature raised the frequency of scratching, shivering, and cannibalism behaviors leading to poorer bird welfare. It is recommended that the temperature, relative air humidity, and air velocity combination of 26.6 °C; 71.2%; and 1 m/s, respectively, for young birds, and 22 °C; 50%; and 1 m/s, respectively, for older birds should be used. Keywords Poultry farming . Caloric stress . Ethology . Thermal sensation
Hypothesis - It is possible to define which temperature, velocity, and relative air humidity combinations are better for each of turkeys’ ages - Turkeys are sensitive to climatic environmental changes - Animal welfare is associated with environmental comfort in turkeys * Isadora Bischoff Nunes [email protected] Angélica Signor Mendes [email protected]
Sabrina Endo Takahashi [email protected]
1
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 4, Zona Rural, Dois Vizinhos, Paraná 85660-000, Brazil
2
Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola (FEAGRI) of UNICAMP, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501 Barão Geraldo, 13083-875, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Institute of Health Innovation and Research, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
Daniella Jorge de Moura [email protected] Isabela Lopes dos Santos [email protected] Cleverson de Souza [email protected] Gabriela Munhoz Morello [email protected]
Trop Anim Health Prod
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