Sensitization to food allergens in Iranian children with mild to moderate persistent asthma
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Sensitization to food allergens in Iranian children with mild to moderate persistent asthma Shirin Farjadian, Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Sara Kashef, Soheila Alyasin Shiraz, Iran
Methods: Seventy-nine children with mild to moderate persistent asthma were included in this study. Commercial food allergens including cow's milk, egg white, almond, potato, and soybean were used in skin prick tests. Specific IgE to 20 common food allergens was also measured in serum. Results: Twelve (15.2%) of the patients had a positive skin prick test to at least one of the five food extracts. Sensitization was detected by skin prick tests to cow's milk and egg white (each 6.3%), almond (3.8%), potato (2.5%) and soybean (1.3%). Specific IgE levels ≥0.35 kAU/L were detected in the serum of 47% of the children with asthma. The most common food allergens were cow's milk (26.6%), hazelnuts (25.3%), wheat flour (15.2%) and egg white (12.6%). Patients with a history of at least one hospital admission due to asthma attack had a higher rate of sensitization to egg. Conclusions: In our study, food sensitization was frequent in Iranian children with asthma. Although clinical food allergy could not be evaluated because food challenge tests were not used in our study, skin prick
Author Affiliations: Allergy Research Center (Farjadian S, Moghtaderi M, Kashef S), Department of Immunology (Farjadian S), and Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy (Kashef S, Alyasin S), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Corresponding Author: Mozhgan Moghtaderi, Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand St., Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran (Tel: +98 711 6474298; Fax: +98 711 6474298; Email: Moghtadery@ sums.ac.ir) doi: 10.1007/s12519-012-0375-z ©Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012. All rights reserved.
tests and serum-specific IgE to common food allergens might be helpful in identifying children with food sensitization. World J Pediatr 2012;8(4):317-320 Key words: childhood asthma; food sensitization; serum-specific IgE; skin prick test
Introduction
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sthma is an inflammatory condition resulting in increased bronchial responsiveness and airway narrowing in response to an inhaled or ingested allergen. The World Health Organization estimated that 300 million people in the world suffer from asthma.[1] The production of IgE after exposure to relevant allergens is one of the major routes of inflammation.[2] Skin prick tests to detect sensitization (IgE titers) are informative, and are safe and easy to perform. In addition, the determination of specific IgE in serum has become popular in recent years. This assay is safe and unlike skin prick tests, the results are not influenced by skin disease or medications. Several authors have established decision points for serum-specific IgE that predict clinically relevant food allergy.[3] Food allergy is an adverse immune reaction to food proteins which can cause immediate serious reactions or chronic disorders. Curre
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