Sequence comparison of the mitochondrial genomes in two species of the genus Nerita (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha: Neritidae
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Sequence comparison of the mitochondrial genomes in two species of the genus Nerita (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha: Neritidae): phylogenetic implications and divergence time estimation for Neritimorpha Jiantong Feng1 · Yahong Guo1 · Chengrui Yan1 · Yingying Ye1,2 · Jiji Li1,2 · Baoying Guo1,2 · Zhenming Lü1,2 Received: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 / Published online: 7 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Many Nerita species live in warm-water environments, and they are some of the few organisms from the intertidal zone that can live in both freshwater and seawater. Previous comparative studies of the mitogenomes of Nerita species suggest that the genome rearrangements are very conservative. Generally, the species possess a set of similar mitochondrial gene arrangements, but nucleotide sequences can be used to elucidate phylogenetic relationships at various levels of divergence. Here, the mitogenomes of Nerita undata and Nerita balteata were sequenced and found to be 15,583 bp and 15,571 bp, respectively. The mitogenomes of both species contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. The nucleotides of the two mitogenomes are highly similar, with the same gene composition and genomic organization as those present in other Nerita species. The tRNA secondary structures were different from those of other gastropods: trnS2 is not folded into typical secondary structures, and the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm simply forms a loop. The phylogenetic analysis showed that Neritimorpha is a sister group of Vetigastropoda and Caenogastropoda. Nerita balteata is a sister group of Nerita versicolor and Nerita undata, and all three species belong to Neritimorpha. This study contributes towards the comparative mitogenomic analysis of Neritidae and phylogenetic considerations among Neritimorpha species. The estimation of divergence time revealed that the two Nerita species were differentiated in the late Paleogene of the Cenozoic Era, and their evolution may be related to environmental changes. Keywords Complete mitogenome · Nerita · Next-generation sequencing · Phylogenetic analysis · Divergence time
Introduction Animal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is an extrachromosomal genome widely used in molecular identification and phylogenetic analyses [1–3] because of its high Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05870-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yingying Ye [email protected] 1
National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
2
conservatism, low mutation rate, maternal inheritance, wide distribution, and ease of separation and purification [4–6]. In gastropods, mitogenomes are circular molecules (length, 14 to 20 kb) [7] that typically contain 37 genes: 13 p
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