SiC, TiC and ZrC Nanostructured Ceramics: Elaboration and Potentialities for Nuclear Applications
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SiC, TiC and ZrC Nanostructured Ceramics: Elaboration and Potentialities for Nuclear Applications Y. Leconte, A. Audren, N.Research Herlin-Boime, C. Reynaud © 2008 Materials Society DSM/DRECAM/SPAM/LFP - CEA Saclay, France
S. Le Gallet
Institut Carnot de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
A. Swiderska-Sroda, S. Gierlotka
IHPP, Warsaw, Poland
M. Leparoux
EMPA, Thun, Switzerland
X. Portier, M. Levalois
SIFCOM, Caen, France
I. Monnet
CEA-DSM/DRECAM/CIRIL, Caen, France
L. Thomé
CSNSM, Orsay, France MRS Fall Meeting – Boston – 2007, December 26-30
Outline Refractory carbides : high temp. applications Nanostructure :
Good candidates for IV generation nuclear applications ?
9 enhanced mechanical properties 9 under irradiation ..?
high grain boundaries density (traps for defects)
1
Nanopowders (SiC, TiC, ZrC) synthesis
© 2008 Materials SinteResearch Society ring Densi fy & keep nanos cale
3
Better resistance to irradiation ?
Nanostructured ceramics elaboration
2
Irradiation experiments
MRS Fall Meeting – Boston – 2007, December 26-30
1 Laser Pyrolysis Collection " Flame "
Nanopowders synthesis No contamination by # reactor walls
Powders Ar chimney
Controlled grain # growth
# Nanomaterials : CO 2008 Materials Research © Society laser 2
Si-based : SiC, Si/C/N, Si/C/N/Al/Y, Si3N4, Si/B/C…
Non oxide : C black, C3N4, B, BN, B4C, TiB2, ZrB2, TiC, ZrC, WC, Fe@C … Oxide : SiO2 and silicates, TiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, La2O3, Y2O3, Fe@SiO2…
Nozzle
Gaseous or liquid Interesting for industrial # purposes precursors MRS Fall Meeting – Boston – 2007, December 26-30
1
Nanopowders synthesis
SiC nanopowders synthesis from gaseous precursors (SiH4 + C2H2 (+ He))
50 nm
• β phase crystallization • Density ~ 3.2 • Si/C (powder) = Si/C (precursor)
• chemical yield ~ 100 %Society © 2008 Materials Research • Production = 100 g.h-1 (lab.)
50 nm Diffracted intensity (a.u.)
700
SXRD = 43.0 nm
600
500
400
SXRD = 7.2 nm
300
200 15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
Narrow size distribution and controlled grain size = Enables the size effects study (densification, irradiation) 85
2 θ (°)
MRS Fall Meeting – Boston – 2007, December 26-30
1
Nanopowders synthesis
ZrC nanopowders two-steps synthesis from liquid precursors ZrO2 nanoparticles coated by free C 5 nm 0
30
Carburization 1h under Ar
4 Diam
© 2008 Materials Research Society Argon
Argon
C2H4
Ar
Zr(OC4H9)4
10 nm
Same approach for TiC nanoparticles more details on TiC in:
Leconte et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006 MRS Fall Meeting – Boston – 2007, December 26-30
1 Inductively coupled plasma T = 8000 – 10000 K plasma = Ar + H2
Nanopowders synthesis Solid, liquid, or gaseous precursor
Vaporisation For this work,
Plasma Quenching ring
Nucleation, © 2008 Materials Research Society
precursors
were SiC and ZrC raw powders
chemical reactions
Nanoparticles
Growth, coalescence
Quenching MRS Fall Meeting – Boston – 2007, December 26-30
1
Nanopowders synthesis
SiC nanopowders SiC Nanopowder
3 phases
α-SiC (6H) precursor
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