Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino extract attenuated the collagen-induced arthritis through inhibiting the synovial hyperpl
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Chinese Medicine Open Access
RESEARCH
Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino extract attenuated the collagen‑induced arthritis through inhibiting the synovial hyperplasia and inflammation Qiu Shuo Ma1†, Ke‑Gang Linghu1†, Tian Zhang1, Guan Ding Zhao1, Wei Xiong1, Shi Hang Xiong1, Mingming Zhao1, Wei Xu2, Juan Yu3 and Hua Yu1,2,4*
Abstract Background: Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino (SG) has been traditionally used for rheumatism and joint protection. However, the anti-arthritic effects and underling mechanisms of SG have not been demonstrated. In this study, we investigated the anti-arthritic effects and mechanisms of SG extract (SGE) on collagen-induced arthritic rats and inter‑ leukin (IL)-1β-stimulated human synovial SW982 cells. Methods: Rats were induced to arthritis by collagen for 15 days and then received SGE treatment for 35 days. The body weight and arthritis severity score of the rats were monitored weekly. At the end of the experiment, the radio‑ graphic and histological changes of rats’ hind paw were obtained; the serum C-reactive protein was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the expression levels of interleukin (IL)- 1β, IL6 and IL-10 in the joint muscles were determined by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining; and the level of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen was detected using flow cytometry. In addition, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and scratch wound healing assay were used to evaluate the proliferation of SW982 synovial cells. ELISA, western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SGE on IL-1β-induced SW982 cells and joint muscles of CIA rats. Results: SGE attenuated the collagen-induced hind paw swelling, cartilage damage and bone erosion. SGE inhibited the synovial hyperplasia to the articular cavity in the toe joint and ankle. Moreover, SGE decreased the production of C-reactive protein in serum and the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in the joint muscles. SGE also recovered the decreased Tregs. Results from the in vitro experiments showed that SGE not only inhibited the proliferation and migration of human synovial cell but also inhibited the IL-1β-induced expression of IL-6 and IL-8. Similarly, SGE inhibited the activation of NF-κB and the expression of COX-2. Conclusions: SGE attenuated the collagen-induced arthritis through inhibiting the synovial hyperplasia and inflammation. Keywords: Rheumnnatoid arthritis, Synovial hyperplasia, Inflammation, Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino, SW982, Nuclear transcription factor-kappa B *Correspondence: [email protected] † Qiu Shuo Ma and Ke-Gang Linghu contributed equally to this work 1 Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Room 8008, Building N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, SAR, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s) 2020. Thi
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