SIKU: Knowing Our Ice Documenting Inuit Sea Ice Knowledge and Use
By exploring indigenous people’s knowledge and use of sea ice, the SIKU project has demonstrated the power of multiple perspectives and introduced a new field of interdisciplinary research, the study of social (socio-cultural) aspects of the natural world
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Igor Krupnik · Claudio Aporta · Shari Gearheard · Gita J. Laidler · Lene Kielsen Holm Editors
SIKU: Knowing Our Ice Documenting Inuit Sea Ice Knowledge and Use
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Editors Dr. Igor Krupnik Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Dept. Anthropology 10th and Constitution Ave. NW., Washington DC 20013-7012 USA [email protected]
Dr. Claudio Aporta Carleton University Dept. Sociology & Anthropology 1125 Colonel By Dr. Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 B349 Loeb Bldg. Canada [email protected]
Dr. Shari Gearheard University of Colorado, Boulder National Snow & Ice Data Center Clyde River NU X0A 0E0 Canada [email protected]
Dr. Gita J. Laidler Carleton University Dept. Geography & Environmental Studies 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada [email protected]
Lene Kielsen Holm Inuit Circumpolar Council, Greenland Dr. Ingridsvej 1, P. O. Box 204 Nuuk 3900 Greenland [email protected]
This book is published as part of the International Polar Year 2007–2008, which is sponsored by the International Council for Science (ICSU) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
ISBN 978-90-481-8586-3 e-ISBN 978-90-481-8587-0 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-8587-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010920470 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Front cover photo: Lucian Read, Qaanaaq, North Greenland, April 2008 Back cover photo: Gita J. Laidler, Cape Dorset, Nunavut, January 2005 Cover design: Anya Vinokour, 2009 Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword Helena Ödmark
Ice and traditional knowledge of ice continue to play a role in modern society in ways that may surprise many people who live in warmer regions. Ice is still a big factor of life in my native area of northern Sweden, even though the large ice sheet that covered Scandinavia and neighboring regions during the last ice age had melted away several thousand years ago. Long after the ice sheet has melted, the land here is still rising from the sea, almost 1 cm a year in some areas. Certain ports along the Swedish Baltic Sea coast have been moved several times because of that land rise and are now located many kilometers away from where they were originally built. When I was growing up in a small town on that coast, the ice was used for several months every year for winter roads across lakes and to the offshore islands. People went fishing on the ice on weekends. We had to be very careful in the areas where big icebreakers kept water channels open for commercial shipping into our town’s port and to the surrounding industri
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