Silsesquioxanes-Based Nanolubricant Additives with High Thermal Stability, Superhydrophobicity, and Self-cleaning Proper
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Silsesquioxanes-Based Nanolubricant Additives with High Thermal Stability, Superhydrophobicity, and Self-cleaning Properties Numan Ahmed1 · Xianwei Zhang1 · Shah Fahad1 · Muhammad Imran Jamil2 · Tariq Aziz1 · E. Husamelden1 · Carla Bittencourt3 · Jintao Wan4 · Hong Fan1 Received: 21 January 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Nanoadditives are promising materials for long-envisioned next-generation lubricants to achieve excellent tribological performance and thermal stability. Here, an instigative and novel approach has been scrutinized to facilely prepare the nanolubricant additive. For this purpose, three synthetic strategies were designed for i) preparation of uniform-sized poly(methyl silsesquioxane) (PMSQ) nanoparticles, ii) hydrosilylation of the long carbon chain of ethyl 10-undecenoate and iii) modification of PMSQ nanoparticles with hydrosilylation product through a condensation reaction, in order to obtain long-carbon-chain grafted nanohybrids. The morphology, composition, and properties of these nanohybrids were confirmed by 1 H-NMR, FTIR, SEM, EDS, and TGA. The effects of different concentrations of unmodified and modified PMSQ nanoparticles on the tribological properties of silicone oil were discussed. In the comparison of unmodified PMSQ nanoparticles, the modified one performs very well to reduce the coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter at low concentration. The TGA results revealed the extraordinary thermal stability of these particles, as their weight loss was only 19% at 800 °C which is remarkably higher than other solid lubricant additives. In this research, we tried to fill the deficiency of thermally stable material in the field of heavy machinery and industry. In addition, the environment-friendly (fluorine-free), superhydrophobic and self-cleaning surface effect of modified PMSQ nanoparticles was also observed. These silsesquioxane-based nanohybrids having synergistic effects, advantageous scientific values, and promising application prospects are expected to be more useful with other longer carbon chains. Keywords Nanohybrids · Solid lubricant additive · Thermal stability · Hydrosilylation · Tribological performance · Self-cleaning
1 Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04897-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Hong Fan [email protected] Numan Ahmed [email protected]
1
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road no. 38, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310027, China
2
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road no. 38, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310027, China
3
Centre of innovation and research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons, Place du
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