Simulation Analysis and Performance Study of CoCrMo Porous Structure Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting
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Simulation Analysis and Performance Study of CoCrMo Porous Structure Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting Zhang Guoqing, Li Junxin, Li Jin, Zhang Chengguang, and Xiao Zefeng (Submitted June 8, 2017; in revised form October 16, 2017) To fabricate porous implants with improved biocompatibility and mechanical properties that are matched to their application using selective laser melting (SLM), flow within the mold and compressive properties and performance of the porous structures must be comprehensively studied. Parametric modeling was used to build 3D models of octahedron and hexahedron structures. Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the mold flow and compressive properties of the parametric porous structures. A DiMetal-100 SLM molding apparatus was used to manufacture the porous structures and the results evaluated by light microscopy. The results showed that parametric modeling can produce robust models. Square structures caused higher blood cell adhesion than cylindrical structures. ‘‘Vortex’’ flow in square structures resulted in chaotic distribution of blood elements, whereas they were mostly distributed around the connecting parts in the cylindrical structures. No significant difference in elastic moduli or compressive strength was observed in square and cylindrical porous structures of identical characteristics. Hexahedron, square and cylindrical porous structures had the same stress–strain properties. For octahedron porous structures, cylindrical structures had higher stress–strain properties. Using these modeling and molding results, an important basis for designing and the direct manufacture of fixed biological implants is provided. Keywords
CoCrMo alloy, finite element analysis, parametric modeling, porous structure, selective laser melting
1. Introduction Additive manufacturing (AM) technology disassembles three-dimensional models using special software in order to obtain cross-sectional data. The data relating to the individual components are programmed into rapid prototyping equipment for layer-by-layer assembly. The manufacture of parts with arbitrary geometric shapes can be achieved using AM technology by adopting layer-by-layer accumulation, demonstrating its advantage in single-piece processing or for small batches, or for the fabrication of complex geometric or densified structures after processing (Ref 1, 2). Selective laser melting (SLM) is an AM technology based on laser-melted metal powder (Ref 3). CoCrMo alloys have been extensively utilized in medical and other fields due to their superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties (Ref 4). Malleable CoCrMo alloy has been used in dentistry for several decades, and it was used successfully in the manufacture of artificial joints in the 1950s (Ref 5, 6). It has seen widespread application (Ref 7, 8) in fixed implants, because of its biocompatibility and mechanical properties in addition to a low rate of prosthetic loosening Zhang Guoqing, Li Junxin, Li Jin, and Zhang Chengguang, School of Mechanical and
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