Simulation and Experiment of Langevin-Type Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Horn for Micro Tool Motion
The principle of a piezoelectric transducer used in this chapter is to transfer the high frequency of electrical energy to mechanical energy. Since the output displacement of piezoelectric transducer is too small, the need of amplifying the displacement o
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Abstract The principle of a piezoelectric transducer used in this chapter is to transfer the high frequency of electrical energy to mechanical energy. Since the output displacement of piezoelectric transducer is too small, the need of amplifying the displacement of the tool is based on the design of horn shape. Since resonance frequency of the horn should be compatible with the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator. This chapter is first to conduct experiment to measure the vibration frequency and amplitude of a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) for ultrasonic vibration. According to the experimental result, the resonant frequency of the horn for amplifying the displacement of the PZT is achieved thereafter. Theoretical calculation and ANSYS simulation can be used for figuring out the geometrical shape of the piezoelectric actuated horn. In the simulation, the horn modal frequency and harmonics analysis via the ANSYS simulation reach the error less than 3 %. Experimental results will be compared and validated with the simulated results. Keywords Piezoelectric transducer • Modal analysis • Harmonic analysis • Horn design • Tool motion
Y.-C. Huang (*) • G.-Z. Ding • B.-H. Chen Department of Mechatronics Engineering, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50007, Taiwan e-mail: [email protected] Y.-J. Huang Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan J. Juang and Y.-C. Huang (eds.), Intelligent Technologies and Engineering Systems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 234, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6747-2_112, # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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1 Introduction In recent years, usage of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is increasing. For the medical field, introduction of such transducers have been brought into cutting medical tissues applications [1]. The main ultrasonic principle is converting highfrequency power to mechanical vibration power by the vibrator, and then steady amplitude of mechanical vibration is reached thereof. Since the output amplitude of transducer is very small, the ultrasonic horn is usually designed and operated in harmonization to amplify the output amplitude. The horn resonant frequency should be compatible with the excited transducer frequency; otherwise, this will cause the vibration modal change, affecting the energy transferring and leading to an amplification decline. The ultrasonic vibration system is composed by the vibrator, horn, and the tools for micro cutting or machining. In theory, the stepped horn provides the largest amplification displacement. In order to increase the amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator, stepped horn is the most common solution and capable of generating highest amplification. Such horn tends to have stress concentration as general. Hence, shaped shape for smooth connection is usually utilized for stress concentration reduction. Reliable performance of horns is normally associated with the amplitude of vibration, uniformity of vibra
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