Simulation Modeling of Forest Landscape Disturbances
Forest landscape disturbances are a global phenomenon. Simulation models are an important tool in understanding these broad scale processes and exploring their effects on forest ecosystems. This book contains a collection of insights from a group of ecolo
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tion Modeling of Forest Landscape Disturbances
Simulation Modeling of Forest Landscape Disturbances
Ajith H. Perera · Brian R. Sturtevant Lisa J. Buse Editors
Simulation Modeling of Forest Landscape Disturbances
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Editors Ajith H. Perera Ontario Forest Research Institute Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Sault Sainte Marie, ON Canada
Lisa J. Buse Ontario Forest Research Institute Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry Sault Sainte Marie, ON Canada
Brian R. Sturtevant Northern Research Station USDA Forestry Service Rhinelander, WI USA
ISBN 978-3-319-19808-8 ISBN 978-3-319-19809-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-19809-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015942628 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Simulation models of landscape disturbances have proliferated and matured. They are now applied to an extent that would have not been conceivable a few decades ago, when we began to perceive the processes that “disturb” or disrupt ecosystems as integral mechanisms that shape the spatial patterns of forest landscapes. A large proportion of the scientific papers on landscape ecology are dedicated to this topic, as are many graduate theses and dissertations. In this context, it is timely that we explore efforts to model forest landscape disturbances so that we can capture the current state of knowledge and ponder future directions. In this book, we have sought the insights of a group of ecologists who focus on a range of f orest landscape disturbances and develop simulation models to study those disturbances. The topics they address include a wide variety of disturbance processes: physical disturbances such as drought, wind, and fire; biological disturbances such as defoliating insect
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