Simulation of a tsunami-like solitary wave interacting with a piled baffle penetrated breakwater
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(2020) 42:576
TECHNICAL PAPER
Simulation of a tsunami‑like solitary wave interacting with a piled baffle penetrated breakwater Gangjun Zhai1,2 · Zhou Zhao2 · Jiawen Sun3 · Ting Zhou2 · Zhe Ma1,2 Received: 2 April 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 © The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 2020
Abstract A piled baffle penetrated breakwater is a widely used free surface type breakwater that is prone to instabilities under extreme waves, such as tsunamis. The studies of interactions between the tsunami-like solitary waves and the piled baffle penetrated breakwaters are rare in the literature. In this paper, a modified mass source method is proposed to simulate interactions between a piled baffle penetrated breakwater and tsunami-like solitary waves. The modified mass source method has higher accuracy than the original mass source method in simulating highly non-linear waves and the accuracy of this method is not related to the shape of the source region. Based on the modified method a two-dimensional viscous numerical wave tank is constructed and validated from different aspects. Using the validated numerical model, simulations of interactions between tsunami-like solitary waves and the breakwater are performed. The surface elevation, pressure distribution and flow mechanics of the interaction are investigated in detail. Our findings will help to improve the understanding in the occurrences of tsunamiinduced damages on the piled baffle penetrated breakwater and provide information for structural optimization designs. Keywords Tsunami-like solitary wave · Piled baffle penetrated breakwater · Modified mass source method · OpenFOAM · Flow mechanism
1 Introduction Tsunamis are devastating natural disasters that are usually triggered by earthquakes and typhoons. Tsunami disasters have occurred frequently in recent years, sweeping into coastal areas of many countries and various protective engineering structures, including breakwaters, have been seriously damaged. For example, the Indian Ocean tsunami swept into the coastal regions of 11 countries in 2004, causing extensive property losses and casualties [1]. In 2011, the Japanese tsunami resulted in the destruction of Technical Editor: Jader Barbosa. * Jiawen Sun [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
2
Deepwater Engineering Research Centre, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
3
National Marine Environment Monitoring Center, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
a large number of coastal structures including breakwaters [2]. Analysis of the interaction between tsunami waves and breakwaters is essential to improve the stability of breakwaters, and reduce the risk to the areas they protect. One of the main reasons that breakwaters tend to be damaged under extreme wave conditions is that the actions of extreme waves are not taken into account when designing the structure. A detailed investigation of the
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