Single-Sided NMR
The use of conventional nuclear magnetic resonance is limited by the fact that the object needs to be carried to the NMR equipment and needs to fit inside large superconducting magnets. Both limitations are removed by single-sided NMR probes based on open
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Federico Casanova · Juan Perlo · Bernhard Blümich Editors
Single-Sided NMR
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Editors Dr. Federico Casanova RWTH Aachen Inst. Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Sammelbau Chemie Germany [email protected]
Juan Perlo RWTH Aachen Inst. Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Sammelbau Chemie Germany [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Bernhard Blümich RWTH Aachen Inst. Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Sammelbau Chemie Germany [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-16306-7 e-ISBN 978-3-642-16307-4 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-16307-4 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMX Design GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
The study of complex molecules requires high sensitivity and resolution for chemical analysis. This is why the NMR community pushes the development of ever more powerful superconducting magnets that generate stronger and more homogeneous magnetic fields every year. Today’s NMR magnets are heavy giants installed in special NMR laboratories built to shield electromagnetic interference, control the temperature, and reduce magnetic field distortions in order to provide ideal experimental conditions in a small volume located inside the magnet. Besides the fact that samples must be taken to the magnet to be analyzed, they must fit in the limited space available in the magnet center. Large samples cannot be investigated in this way without cutting. This problem was already noted in the early days of NMR when the technique was identified as a potential tool to characterize rock formations in situ. Measuring properties of the pore structure as well as characterizing the saturating fluids downhole by NMR triggered the development of what today is called inside-out NMR. Here, instead of placing the sample inside the magnet, the apparatus is placed inside or at one side of the object. The implementation of this concept requires the construction of sensors projecting considerable magnetic and radiofrequency (rf) fields outside th
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