Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Electron Emitters Produced by Electrophoresis
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Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Electron Emitters Produced by Electrophoresis Elena D. Obraztsova, Anatoly S. Pozharov, Sergey V. Terekhov, Alexander V. Osadchy, Sergey M. Pimenov, Vitaly I. Konov, T.V. Kononenko, Tatiana A. Skaballanovich1, Svetlana R. Ivanova 1, Alexander P. Volkov2, Alexander N. Obraztsov2 Natural Sciences Center of General Physics Institute, 38 Vavilov street, 119991, Moscow, Russia 1 General Physics Institute, RAS, 38 Vavilov street, 119991, Moscow, Russia 2 Physics Department of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia ABSTRACT Single-wall carbon nanotubes have been synthesized, purified, attested with a high resolution electron microscopy and Raman scattering and deposited by liquid electrophoresis onto different substrates (including a metallized glass) to produce the effective and homogeneous film cathodes for low-field electron emitters. The emission properties (a threshold of the emission switching on, a current value, a time-stability) of the SWNT cathodes have been investigated. A prototype of a phosphorescent lamp with a nanotube cathode has been designed. The Raman spectra of the SWNT cathode registered in situ from the shining lamp have shown no temperature increase and time-degradation of the nanotube material during the emission process. INTRODUCTION Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) demonstrate many unique and fascinating properties. One of the most promising area for technological applications of SWNT is vacuum electronics, where SWNT films could serve as cathodes for new light sources and flat panel displays. An effective and low-threshold field electron emission from SWNT has been predicted and experimentally observed. But a majority of the experiments has been performed with individual tubes rather than with a bulk material [1,2]. Up to now the main problem here is an absence of reliable experimental techniques being able to form the stable and homogeneous SWNT films. Different approaches were used to solve this problem. The SWNT were grown on different substrates by pyrolysis [3] or deposited onto them by printing, glueing [4] or electrophoresis techniques[5]. In this work homogeneous and effective cathodes for the vacuum low field electron emitters have been produced by a liquid electrophoretic deposition of SWNT soot, synthesized by arcdischarge and partially purified. We have chosen the electrophoresis due to possibility to perform the process at room temperature (that is very important for the vacuum electronics, mostly dealing with the glass components) , to separate in time the steps of the material synthesis and the film deposition and to use the substrates of any size and shape (that is impossible for the “hot” synthesis techniques). The aim of this work was also to investigate the emission properties of the SWNT cathodes and to design a working prototype of the lamp with such a cathode. EXPERIMENTAL SWNT have been synthesized by arc discharge between 2 graphitic electrodes in a helium atmosphere. Ni:Y2O3 catalyst was used. The raw material has bee
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