Size distribution of ultrafine particles in KDP aqueous solutions
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Size distribution of ultrafine particles in KDP aqueous solutions Li Liana) Department of Physics, Gakushuin University, Mejiro 1-5-1, Toshimaku, Tokyo, 171 Japan
Lu Taijing Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 0511, Singapore
Yasushi Zaizu Fuji Electric Co., Ltd, Nakasaka 2-2-1, Yokotsuka-shi, Kanagawa, 240-01 Japan
T. Ogawa Department of Physics, Gakushuin University, Mejiro 1-5-1, Toshimaku, Tokyo, 171 Japan (Received 28 March 1994; accepted 17 August 1995)
Quantitative and qualitative investigations on the size distribution of ultrafine particles in KDP solutions were performed by a laser light scanning particle counter and by comparing with scattering polystyrene particles of standard size. The ultrafine particles are of a size distribution from ,70 nm to 2000 nm, and the density of the particles sharply decreased with increasing particle size. Most of them were smaller than 100 nm, and almost no particles were .1000 nm. The size of the visual particles, which are distinguished individually by a laser light-scattering technique,3 was estimated in the size range from 200 nm to 1000 nm. The reliability of the results was evaluated.
I. INTRODUCTION
Regarding the growth mechanisms of crystal grown from aqueous solutions, there are still many fundamental problems that have not been clarified, because crystal growth from aqueous solution is carried out through complex processes, such a dehydration, diffusion, nucleation, etc., and there are no definitive methods for identification of the structures of aqueous solutions. One of the most important problems concerns qualities of growth units and their behaviors during crystallization. Although some experimentalists believe in the existence of larger growth units than the atomic, ionic, or molecular ones (which are assumed as growth theories), there is no confirming and direct evidence for supporting their ideas, because growth units are usually too tiny to detect by normal methods.1,2 The authors recently successfully developed a method of in situ observation of crystallization processes in aqueous solution using a laser light-scattering technique, which has higher resolution for detecting ultrafine particles than ordinary optical microscopes. Some of the results regarding the existence of ultrafine particles and their behaviors in relation to KDP crystallization from aqueous solution have been reported by the authors.3 In order to study the mechanism of a)
Present address: Optical Crystal Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 0511, Singapore. J. Mater. Res., Vol. 11, No. 2, Feb 1996
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crystal growth from aqueous solutions, it is important to obtain some quantitative information on size, structure, shape, and stability of the particles. Here, the results of size distribution of ultrafine particles in KDP aqueous solution, measured by
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