Slurry Erosion Study on Nitrogen-Alloyed Austenitic Stainless Steel and Weld Beads
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Slurry Erosion Study on Nitrogen‑Alloyed Austenitic Stainless Steel and Weld Beads Naveen Kumar1 · Navneet Arora1 · S. K. Goel2 Received: 3 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Slurry erosion study on nitrogen-alloyed austenitic steel (NA-ASS) 23-8-N has been conducted. Solution annealing of base metal at two different temperatures 950 °C and 1150 °C dissolved the carbides precipitations and improved its strength and impact toughness. Bead-on-plate welds were made using gas metal arc welding process and these were solidified with 5–10% ferrite. Solution annealing results in homogenous microstructure with fine residual carbides and higher erosion resistance. Higher impact toughness and strength of 1150 °C solution annealed samples resulted in higher strain hardening with a minor loss of hardness. Solution treatment enhanced the erosion resistance of the base metal. Cumulative weight loss of beadon-plate weld was relatively higher than that of the base material due to lower hardness and compositional difference. The weight loss from the surface due to erosive action was minimum for 1150 °C at 90° impingement angle. Wear and material loss occurred through micro-cutting and ploughing. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Erosive wear · Wear mechanisms · Solution annealing · Carbides
* Naveen Kumar [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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1 Introduction Slurry erosion is a severe problem associated with various applications like liquid transportation, turbomachinery, marine, and mining industries. In these applications, the concentration of slurry is an important parameter which affects erosion rate. The hydropower station is one of the example which is most affected by the high silt content of water. The erosion of underwater parts of the hydroelectric unit, especially in the Himalayan originating rivers, resulted in the change of shape, stress generation, cavitation, and finally, failure of the power plant. So, it is a matter of great concern to control/reduce the erosion occurring in the hydro turbines to ensure the continuous power supply. It has been estimated that India alone faces a loss of more than 100 million US $ every year due to this silt content which causes severe erosive wear to hydro turbines [1, 2]. There are number of parameters responsible for controlling the slurry erosion at hydropower station, such as operating conditions (impingement angle, particle velocity and concentration), particle properties (shape, size, and hardness) and finally object material (mechanical and metallurgical properties). China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan are among the countries that are facing this type of problem. Sometimes, during the monsoon season, the concentration of silt in the water is as high as that some of the power plants need to be shut down. CA6NM (13/4 Cr-Ni) martensitic steel has wide application in the manufactu
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