Smart Water Management: Pillars and Technologies
The development of cities is related to the efficient management of water. The evolution of smart instruments, the progress made in Information and Communications Technology (Internet of things, Cloud Computing, Big Data analysis) improves water managemen
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Abstract. The development of cities is related to the efficient management of water. The evolution of smart instruments, the progress made in Information and Communications Technology (Internet of things, Cloud Computing, Big Data analysis) improves water management efficiency and ensures the availability and preservation of this resource. In this article, we have first, proposed 4 major pillars to consider in smart water management, and second, we have explored the key points of the Smart Water Grid. Keywords: Smart water management Smart Water Grid Information and Communications Technology
1 Introduction The geographical position of Morocco makes it vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In fact, natural water resources are increasingly limited. Besides, the demand for water continues to increase because of the population explosion, the expansion of industrial activities and the development of irrigated agriculture. In addition, the natural resources in Morocco are among the lowest in the world. The potential of water resources is estimated at 22 billion m/year. That is the equivalent of 700 m3/inhabitant/year, a threshold that is considered critical and indicating the emergence of shortages and latent water crisis [1]. This alarming situation requires the use of information and communication technology (Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Big Data analysis) in the management of water resources. In this document, we have proposed, in the first part, the 4 main pillars of smart water management: human, legal/political, economic and technological. In the second part, we focused on the smart water distribution system by identifying the key points of the Smart Water Grid.
2 The Advantages of the Smart Water Management Due to the growing demand for water and the challenges of climate change, water resources are gradually declining. Thus, it is important to find an effective solution for the conservation and preservation of these resources. All water re- sources must be considered as a precious one. A global, optimal, and efficient management of the water must be applied. Rainwater, groundwater, wastewater treatment, the water supply © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 Y. Farhaoui and L. Moussaid (Eds.): ICBDSDE 2018, SBD 53, pp. 7–14, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12048-1_2
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chain, all these aspects must be taken into consideration through a global and effective vision. The smart water management is different of the traditional one by integrating technology into management systems. The development of smart instruments and meters, the progress made in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) (Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Big Data analysis) improves management efficiency and optimizes process of water production and treatment [2].
3 Pillars of the Smart Water Management The smart water management contributes to the efficient preservation of natural resources. To make that management succeed with the maximum of benefits, it is necessary to identify all the aspec
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