Sociolinguistics in Wales

This volume showcases recent sociolinguistic research about Wales and offers contributions from scholars working on Welsh, English and other languages spoken in the country. The chapters present a range of frameworks and methodologies used in sociolinguis

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Edited by

Sociolinguistics in Wales

Mercedes Durham  •  Jonathan Morris Editors

Sociolinguistics in Wales

Editors Mercedes Durham Cardiff University Cardiff, United Kingdom

Jonathan Morris Cardiff University Cardiff, United Kingdom

ISBN 978-1-137-52896-4    ISBN 978-1-137-52897-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-52897-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016956499 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 The author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover image © ilolab - Fotolia Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Macmillan Publishers Ltd. The registered company address is: The Campus, 4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XW, United Kingdom

Contents

Part 1 Introduction

1

1 An Overview of Sociolinguistics in Wales3 Mercedes Durham and Jonathan Morris

Part 2 Welsh

29

2 Age Variation and Language Change in Welsh: Auxiliary Deletion and Possessive Constructions31 Peredur Davies 3 Behavioural Economics and Minority Language e-Services—The Case of Welsh61 Jeremy Evas and Daniel Cunliffe 4 A Standard for Language? Policy, Territory, and Constitutionality in a Devolving Wales93 Patrick Carlin and Diarmait Mac Giolla Chríost v

vi Contents

Part 3 Welsh English

121

  5 Variation and Change in the Grammar of Welsh English123 Heli Paulasto   6 The Perceptual Dialectology of Wales from the Border151 Chris Montgomery   7 Changing Attitudes Towards the Welsh English Accent: A View from Twitter181 Mercedes Durham

Part 4 Bilingual and Multilingual Contact in Wales

207

 8 ‘Mae pobl monolingual yn minority’: Factors Favouring the Production of Code Switching by Welsh–English Bilingual Speakers209 Margaret Deuchar, Kevin Donnelly, and Caroline Piercy   9 The Role of Linguistic Background on Sou