Soil respiration in paludified forests of European Russia
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Soil respiration in paludified forests of European Russia Dmitry Ivanov1 • Fedor Tatarinov1,2 • Julia Kurbatova1
Received: 20 May 2018 / Accepted: 20 September 2018 Ó Northeast Forestry University 2019
Abstract Soil respiration studies in paludified forests of the European part of Russia are quite rare in comparison with those of open peat bogs, which make long-term observations in this region highly relevant. In this study, soil CO2 emissions were measured by the close chamber method in different microlandscapes of paludified forests. For four summer seasons with different environments, soil respiration ranged from 1078 to 248 mg CO2 m-2 h-1 in a paludified spruce forest site with coarse woody debris to 659–820 mg CO2 m-2 h-1 in a paludified boggy pine forest. The most intensive soil respiration was observed during the hot summer of 2013 and the lowest in the hot and humid summer of 2016. Annual total soil CO2 emissions in paludified forests in 2015–2016 were approximately 2000–3000 g CO2 m-2. During the year, the lowest CO2 emission values were observed from November to April (14–84 mg CO2 m-2 h-1) and the maximum were in July and August (522–1205 mg CO2 m-2 h-1). The contributions of CO2 emissions in the cold November–April Project funding: The project research was funded by RFBR and the Russian Geographical Society through the research project No 17-0541127, and partially supported by the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Programme No. 51 «Climate change: causes, risks, consequences, problems of adaptation and regulation». The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com Corresponding editor: Zhu Hong. & Dmitry Ivanov [email protected] 1
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, Leninsky Prospekt 33, Moscow, Russia 119071
2
Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St 234, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
period were 6–8.5%. The impacts of temperature on soil respiration were higher (r2 = 0.45–0.57) than those of groundwater levels (r2 = 0.17–0.49). Soil respiration in the paludified spruce forest and in the pine bog generally were higher than emissions from ecosystems with similar hydrothermal conditions in the boreal zone. Keywords Carbon flux Chamber measurements CO2 emission Peatlands Southern taiga
Introduction Paludified forests are formed in semi-hydromorphic biotopes with simultaneous displays of forest and peatland formations. Peatland formation is accompanied by peat accumulation, the inhibition of woody vegetation and the formation of ground cover dominated by meso-hygrophilous species, the first of which is sphagnum (Joosten and Clarke 2002). Boggy forests, relative to other forest types, are characterized by low soil temperatures, high levels of organic matter and low rates of its decomposition (Bonan and Shugart 1989). These forests are genetically transitional between well-drained forests and bogs and have characters of both ecosystems. Lateral water inflows from less acidic mineralized groundwater from drier nonboggy parts of forestlands l
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