Solar energy plant project selection with AHP decision-making method based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic evaluation
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Solar energy plant project selection with AHP decision‑making method based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic evaluation Veysel Çoban1 Received: 21 January 2020 / Accepted: 4 May 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Increased energy demand is expected to be met by reliable and continuous energy sources. Renewable energy which is obtained from nature and can continuously reload itself from natural sources is a new generation energy type. The sun, which is the main source of renewable energies and produces heat and electricity by direct and indirect methods, is an important renewable energy source. The installation of solar energy systems takes place under the basic technical, economic and political factors. Alternative solar energy plant projects are evaluated linguistically under the main criteria based on the knowledge and experience of the experts. Hesitant fuzzy linguistic terms are used to incorporate the uncertain and hesitant expressions into the decision-making process. The decision-making process that takes place with hesitant linguistic expressions in multiple sub-criteria is based on the AHP model. The inclusion of hesitant statements in the decision-making process with the AHP model enables more realistic choices among the alternatives. System technology (0.18), energy policy (0.15) and energy price change (0.13) appear as the most important factors in the pairwise comparison of the factors based on hesitant fuzzy linguistic evaluations. The results coincide with the need for high efficiency in solar energy systems, the importance of governmental supportive policies and the effects of price competition in the energy sector. Also, the closeness of the overall priority values of all projects (0.189, 0.23, 0.287, 0.135, 0.158) indicates that the decision makers take into account the effective factors. Keywords Hesitant fuzzy linguistic terms · AHP · Solar energy · Decision making
Introduction Fossil-based energy sources (coal, natural gas, oil) are used as primary sources to meet rising energy demand with population growth and industrialization. The emission of harmful gases (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide) caused by the combustion of fossil-based resources causes the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse effect-based global warming and climate change reveal environmental, economic and social problems on a global scale. Renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass) is the most important energy source that is proposed as an alternative to fossil-based energy sources to remove the environmental and social hazards. The sun, which is the main source of the energies on earth (except tidal, nuclear, geothermal), emerges as the most important * Veysel Çoban [email protected] 1
Industrial Engineering Department, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
renewable energy source with its unlimited, equal distribution and economic advantages. Renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, should be included in the global energy strategy to meet the growing energy demand. Sola
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