Solar Magnetic Fields Polarized Radiation Diagnostics
Magnetic fields are responsible for much of the variability and structuring in the universe, but only on the Sun can the basic magnetic field related processes be explored in detail. While several excellent textbooks have established a diagnostic foundati
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ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY VOLUME 189
Executive Committee W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, The Netherlands C. DE JAGER, Foundation Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands E. P. J. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Astronomical Institute, University ofAmsterdam, The Netherlands
H. VAN DER LAAN, Astronomical Institute, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
Editorial Board I. APPENZELLER, Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Konigstuhl, Germany J. N. BAHCALL, The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, U.S.A. F. BERTOLA, Universita di Padova, Italy W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, The Netherlands J.P. CASSINELLI, University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A. C. J. CESARSKY, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France C. DE JAGER, Foundation Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands R. McCRAY, University of Colorado, liLA, Boulder, U.S.A. P. G. MURDIN, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Cambridge, U.K. F. PACINI, Istituto Astronomia Arcetri, Firenze, Italy V. RADHAKRISHNAN, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India F. H. SHU, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. B. V. SOMOV, Astronomical institute, Moscow State University, Russia E. P. J. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Astronomical institute, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands H. VANDERLAAN, Astronomical institute, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands N. 0. WEISS, University of Cambridge, U.K.
SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELDS POLARIZED RADIATION DIAGNOSTICS
by JAN OLOF STENFLO Institute of Astronomy, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 978-90-481-4387-0 ISBN 978-94-015-8246-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-8246-9
Printed an acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1994 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1994 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
To Joyce,
Erik and Martin
Cover: Magnetic fields are present all over the solar surface in a highly fragmented or intermittent form. They can be mapped by recording the Zeeman-effect polarization in selected lines of the solar spectrum. The picture shows a portion of the quiet sun at the center of the solar disk. Blue and red indicate fields directed towards or away from us, against a green background with vanishing line-of-sight component. This magnetogram is a color version of Fig.1.12, courtesy J.W. Harvey, National Solar Observatory/ Kitt Peak.
CONTENTS
PREFACE
xiii
CHAPTER 1. SOLAR MAGNETISM- AN OVERVIEW
1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6.
Introduction Emission Patterns and Field Topology Zeeman Effect on the Sun Global Evolution of the Magnetic Field Small-scale Magnetic Fields on the Quiet Sun Summary of Observed Properties an
