Solving Algebraic Computational Problems in Geodesy and Geoinformatics
While preparing and teaching ‘Introduction to Geodesy I and II’ to - dergraduate students at Stuttgart University, we noticed a gap which motivated the writing of the present book: Almost every topic that we taughtrequiredsomeskillsinalgebra,andinparticul
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Joseph L. Awange Erik W. Grafarend
Solving Algebraic Computational Problems in Geodesy and Geoinformatics The Answer to Modern Challenges
With 79 Figures
DR.-ING. JOSEPH L. AWANGE DEPARTMENT OF GEOPHYSICS KYOTO UNIVERSITY KITASHIRAKAWA OIWAKE-CHO SAKYO-KU KYOTO-SHI 606-8502 JAPAN E-mail: [email protected] PROF. DR.-ING. HABIL. ERIK W. GRAFAREND DEPARTMENT OF GEODESY STUTTGART UNIVERSITY GESCHWISTER-SCHOLL-STRAßE 24D 70174 STUTTGART GERMANY E-mail: [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2004114234
ISBN 3-540-23425-X Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: E. Kirchner, Heidelberg Production: A. Oelschläger Typesetting: Camera-ready by the Authors Printing: Mercedes-Druck, Berlin Binding: Stein + Lehmann, Berlin Printed on acid-free paper 32/2132/AO 5 4 3 2 1 0
This book is dedicated to my co-author, Ph.D. supervisor and mentor Professor Dr.-Ing. habil. Dr.h.c. mult. Erik W. Grafarend. Joseph L. Awange September 2004
Preface
While preparing and teaching ‘Introduction to Geodesy I and II’ to undergraduate students at Stuttgart University, we noticed a gap which motivated the writing of the present book: Almost every topic that we taught required some skills in algebra, and in particular, computer algebra! From positioning to transformation problems inherent in geodesy and geoinformatics, knowledge of algebra and application of computer algebra software were required. In preparing this book therefore, we have attempted to put together basic concepts of abstract algebra which underpin the techniques for solving algebraic problems. Algebraic computational algorithms useful for solving problems which require exact solutions to nonlinear systems of equations are presented and tested on various problems. Though the present book focuses mainly on the two fields, the concepts and techniques presented herein are nonetheless applicable to other fields where algebraic computational problems might be encountered. In Engineering for example, network densification and robotics apply resection and intersection te
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