Solvothermal synthesis of manganese sulfides and control of their phase and morphology
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ARTICLE Solvothermal synthesis of manganese sulfides and control of their phase and morphology Jianchao Zhang, Rongrong Shi,a) Chen Zhang, Lingyun Li, Jiaming Mei, and Shengqing Liu Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Light-conversion Materials and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China (Received 4 June 2018; accepted 6 September 2018)
Manganese sulfides (MnS) with a diversity of well-defined morphologies and phases have been successfully synthesized by the solvothermal approach. The phase structure and morphology of MnS could readily be tuned by adjusting the sulfur sources and solvents. Hollow c-MnS spheres were obtained by treating L-cysteine and manganese source in ethylene glycol (EG) at 200 °C for 2 h, whereas a replacement of the mixture solvent by EG and deionized water yields the hierarchical flower-like c-MnS. c-MnS tubes were also produced under the same condition by using diethylene glycol and deionized water as solvents. When thioacetamide used as the sulfur source and oleylamine used as the solvent, monodisperse a-MnS nanoparticles with the mean diameter of 17 nm could be synthesized successfully. The phase structures, sizes, and morphologies of samples were investigated in detail by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The UV-vis absorption peak and the width of band gap with different morphologies of the as-prepared MnS were measured. The samples described in this paper are promising to be utilized in solar cells, biomedicine, short wavelength electronic devices, photocatalysis, and other fields.
I. INTRODUCTION
Semiconductor micro/nanometer structures have attracted great interest in many potential application fields due to their properties depending greatly on their size, morphology, and crystal structure.1–4 When the particle size decreased to nanoscale, physical and chemical properties would change greatly compared with their largescale counterparts.5–7 Nanostructured metal chalcogenides (MCs) have attracted great interest in many application fields including solar cells, fuel cells, light-emitting diodes, solar cells sensors, supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, semiconductor photocatalysts, and thermoelectric devices.8–14 In particular, hollow structured metal chalcogenide materials have outstanding features of low density, distinguishable interior voids, reduced transport, and large surface area and would be applied to adsorption and separation, catalysis, energy storage, and drug delivery.15 As an important p-type semiconductor material with wide gap (Eg 3.7 eV), manganese sulfide (MnS) is mainly used as photochemical materials,16 optoelectronic devices,17 and diluted magnetic semiconductors.18 Generally, MnS has three crystalline phases: the stable rock-salt structure of a-MnS, the metastable zincblende structure of b-MnS,
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