Somatic development in children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
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(2020) 46:151
RESEARCH
Open Access
Somatic development in children with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome Agnieszka Bogusz-Wójcik1* , Honorata Kołodziejczyk2, Maja Klaudel-Dreszler3, Grzegorz Oracz3, Joanna Pawłowska3 and Mieczysław Szalecki1,4
Abstract Background: Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare genetic, multi-systemic disease characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, immune deficiency, bone marrow failure and skeletal abnormalities. Most patients present with failure in somatic development and short stature, but systematic data concerning those features are limited. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of failure in somatic development in the children with SDS. Methods: An analysis of anthropometric measurements of 21 patients (14 girls and 7 boys),aged 2 to 17 years (mean age 6.3 years) with SDS diagnosed in The Children’s Memorial Health Institute in Warsaw, Poland was performed. The patients were measured using a Holtain Limited stadiometer, an electronic scale, a Harpenden anthropometer, a metric tape and a spreading caliper. The assessed anthropometric parameters were expressed as standard deviation scores in relation to the reference values in Poland, suitable for sex as well as calendar and growth age. Results: A total of 66 measurements was collected and analyzed with a median number of 3 observations per patient. The group of boys presented with a significantly lower height (− 3.0 SD, p < 0.0001) and BMI (− 1.4 SD, p < 0.00001), and in the relation to the growth age a lower weight (− 1.0 SD, p < 0.001) as well as a smaller chest width (− 0.9 SD, p < 0.05), hip width (− 0,5 SD, p < 0,05) and lower limb length (− 0,5 SD, p < 0,05). The group of girls also showed significantly lower height (− 2.6 SD, p < 0.00001) and BMI (− 0.8 SD, p < 0.00001), and in relation to the growth age, lower weight (− 0.5 SD, p < 0.001) as well as decreased width of the chest (− 1.7 SD, p < 0.0001) and shoulder (− 1.0 SD, p < 0.001) were observed. Boys and girls were also characterized by significantly decreased circumference and width of head, additionally, girls had also smaller head length. Conclusions: Patients with SDS have abnormal somatic development. Both boys and girls are characterized by short stature, decreased weight, BMI, leg length, chest width as well as circumference and width of head. Anthropometric measurements provide important data on the process of growth and body proportions in children with SDS. Keywords: Somatic development, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Anthropometric parameters, Short stature
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Av. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropri
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