Sonosynthesis of Iron-Supported Clay for Heavy Metal Removal via Sonoassisted Adsorption Process
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Sonosynthesis of Iron‑Supported Clay for Heavy Metal Removal via Sonoassisted Adsorption Process Nesrine Dammak1,2 · Haithem Bel Hadjltaief1,2 · Wiem Hamza1,2 · Mourad Benzina1,2 Received: 6 May 2019 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract In this paper, iron-supported natural Sbih clay (Fe–Sb) was prepared by pillared method under ultrasound energy. Fe–Sb was used to remove Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous effluents via sonoassisted adsorption process. To characterize the produced clay material, surface area, mineralogical composition of clay material and interlayer spacing changes of the prepared sample Fe–Sb were identified. The sonoassisted adsorption process via batch method was optimized, and the impacts of feed pH, initial concentration of metal ion, contact time and Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions adsorbent dose were studied. Kinetic data were also tested using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. The sonoadsorption kinetic was well fitted by pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Langmuir as Freundlich models has been applied to calculate adsorption data. Langmuir data indicate that Fe–Sb material can adsorb around 5780 mg g−1 and 2590 mg g−1 of zinc and nickel per each gram, respectively. To evaluate the regeneration of the Fe–Sb in the industrial application, the adsorption tests were done in a continuous adsorption system in six cycles. The results suggested that iron-supported natural Sbih clay is suitable as an effective adsorbent material for retaining heavy metals from aqueous effluents. Keywords Sonoassisted adsorption · Intercalated clay · Heavy metals · Isotherms
1 Introduction Pollution of water and soil, accidentally or deliberately, by certain industrial chemicals (hydrocarbons, dyes, etc.) or agricultural chemicals (pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) creates a source of environmental risk and causes an international current interest. Water contamination by heavy metals arising from mining operations, metal plating and textile industries is a severe environmental disaster [1–4]. Heavy metals may have an extreme toxicity, especially with low concentrations. Due to their presence in industrial effluent, problems of heavy metals have become more and more worrying. Nickel and zinc are hazardous. These metals are discharged from mining, metal plating and alloy industries. They may broaden through soils and water streams, and they may bring a chief threat to the human health [3–7].
* Nesrine Dammak [email protected] 1
University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
Water, Energy and Environment Laboratory, ENIS B.P. W, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
2
Several treatment processes make it possible to reduce concentrations of these pollutants include oxidation, reduction, precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, electrochemical treatment, biological operation and adsorption. Among these processes, adsorption shows this evidence in the treatment of industrial aqueous effluents in order to
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