Spatial Distribution of Oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta) in Lakes of the Naroch System (Belarus) Differi
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ial Distribution of Oligochaetes (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta) in Lakes of the Naroch System (Belarus) Differing in Trophic Status M. A. Baturinaa, *, O. A Makarevichb, T. V. Zhukovab, and B. V. Adamovichb aInstitute
of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia b Belarus State University, Minsk, 220030 Belarus *е-mail: [email protected] Received October 1, 2019; revised December 6, 2019; accepted December 11, 2019
Abstract—The species diversity of oligochaetes and their spatial distribution have been studied in three lakes of the Naroch system (Belarus) differing in trophic status. The results show that, irrespective of lake trophic status, the abundance, biomass, and species diversity of oligochaetes decrease toward the profundal zone. The species composition of oligochaetes is most diverse in the littoral zone of an oligomesotrophic lake. Dominant species of the subfamily Tubificinae show preferences for certain types of lake biotopes. Keywords: Oligochaeta, spatial distribution, biotope preference, lake trophic status, Naroch lakes DOI: 10.1134/S1067413620040037
The pattern of spatial distribution of species depends on the geographic and ecological factors of the environment, biological characteristics of species, and their properties [1]. Natural abiotic factors influencing the diversity and distribution of invertebrates in the benthal include morphometric characteristics of a water body—its size, depth, and type of bottom ground [2–5]—and the distribution of organic matter constituting an accessible food resource [6]. Oligochaetes are one of the most abundant and diverse groups in the benthic communities of different types of water bodies [7–9]. Their biomass is an important link in the trophic net, as they serve as food for fishes and invertebrates [10]. Their low mobility, long life cycle and dependence on substrate make them sensitive to the influence of environmental conditions, mainly of bottom sediments. Therefore, oligochaetes are regarded as the most informative group for studies on pollution of water bodies [12]. Changes in the structure of their communities provide information about trophic variability of the environment over long periods of time [13]. A large amount of data on the hydrology, morphology, and biology of lakes included into the Naroch system (Narochanskie lakes)—Naroch, Myastro, and Batorino [14, 15, etc.]—makes them a convenient model for comparative research on the distribution of oligochaete species in contrasting trophic conditions. Long-term hydrobiological monitoring of these lakes has been performed, with its purposes including evaluation of the dynamics of qualitative parameters char-
acterizing the development of macrozoobenthos [15]. The first survey of the oligochaete fauna in Belarusian lakes was performed by Sokol’skaya [16] in 1947– 1948. She described 38 oligochaete species in eight lakes, including 24 species from Lake Naroch. Species lists of oligochaetes from lakes Naroch, Myastro, and Batorino were
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