Spatial Variance of Species Distribution Predicts the Interspecies Interactions within a Microbial Metacommunity
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Spatial Variance of Species Distribution Predicts the Interspecies Interactions within a Microbial Metacommunity So-Yeon Jeong 1 & Tae Gwan Kim 1 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Interspecies interactions have a profound influence on spatial distribution of coexisting microbial species. We explored whether spatial variance of species distribution (SVSD) predicts the degree of interspecies interactions within a microbial metacommunity. Simulations were used to determine the relationships from random, lake, soil, and biofilm metacommunity datasets (1,000 times). All of the bacterial datasets showed a negative correlation between the habitat breadth (inverse to SVSD) and the numbers of total, positive, and negative interspecies interactions (P < 0.05); the only exception was the relationship between habitat breadth and negative interactions in the biofilm dataset. The random dataset had no significant relationships (P > 0.05). We repeated the simulations to determine the degree of correlation and reproducibility (100 times). Habitat breadth was negatively correlated with the total and positive interactions in all of the real datasets (P < 0.05), and the negative relationships persisted across repetitions. Despite variability in the slope of total interactions, the slope values of positive interactions were similar for the real datasets (− 19.9, − 19.2, and − 25.8 for lake, soil, and biofilm, respectively). In conclusion, our results demonstrate the patterns of species interaction–distribution and show that interspecies interactions are positively correlated with the SVSD. Keywords Habitat breadth . Interspecies interaction . Spatial distribution . Metacommunity
There are four ecological processes, namely, speciation (formation of new species), selection (fitness differences among species owing to abiotic and biotic factors), dispersal (movement of species across space), and drift (stochastic changes in abundance) [1]. A conventional community is an independent ecological unit with interactions among co-occurring species and between species and the environment [2]. Focus on the local-scale processes (e.g., selection and drift) cannot adequately address community spatial distributions and dynamics. The metacommunity concept has been used to define regional communities that contain several local communities linked by dispersal [2, 3]. This concept has been broadly applied in macro- and micro-ecological studies. Several metacommunity studies have shown bimodal occupancy– frequency distributions and positive occupancy–frequency relationships for microorganisms [4–7], suggesting that more
* Tae Gwan Kim [email protected] 1
Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, South Korea
widely dispersed microbial species are more likely to succeed at the local level. The random distribution of microbial species across localities within a metacommunity is very unlikely because of selection (i.e., environ
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