Spatio-Temporal Variations in the Abundance and Community Structure of Nitrospira in a Tropical Bay
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Spatio‑Temporal Variations in the Abundance and Community Structure of Nitrospira in a Tropical Bay Tie‑Qiang Mao2 · Yan‑Qun Li2 · Hong‑Po Dong1,3 · Wen‑Na Yang2 · Li‑Jun Hou1 Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 / Published online: 14 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nitrospira is the most diverse genus of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and its members are widely spread in various natural and engineered ecosystems. In this study, the phylogenetic diversity of Nitrospira and monthly changes of its abundance from Zhanjiang Bay were investigated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that among 58 OTUs with high abundance, 74% were not affiliated with any previously described Nitrospira species, revealing a previously unrecognized diversity of coastal Nitrospira. The abundances of both Nitrospira and Nitrospina exhibited a significantly monthly change. During most of the months, abundance of Nitrospina was greater than that of Nitrospira. In particle-attached communities, either abundance of Nitrospina or Nitrospira was highly correlated with that of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), whereas abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was only highly correlated with that of Nitrospina. In free-living communities, either abundance of Nitrospina or Nitrospira was correlated only with that of AOA. These results suggest that both Nitrospira and Nitrospina can be involved in nitrite oxidation by coupling with AOA, but Nitrospina may play a greater role than Nitrospira in this tropical bay.
Introduction Nitrification, including ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation, is an important process in the nitrogen cycle. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) oxidize ammonia to nitrite, whereas nitriteoxidizing bacteria (NOB) oxidize nitrite to nitrate [1, 2]. Although complete ammonia oxidizers are thought to be widespread in soil and freshwater ecosystems [3–6], they have not been detected in the marine environment. Thus, most nitrate production in marine ecosystems results from the coupling between AOA or AOB and NOB [7]. In recent Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02193-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hong‑Po Dong [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2
School of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
3
Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200061, China
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years, researchers have become more and more interested in the role of nitrification in the ocean, it not only can supply nitrate for primary production [8–10], but also contribute significantly to dark ocean carbon fixation [11, 12], and may also be a source of N2O to the atmosphere [13, 14]. Compared with ammonia oxidation,
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