Special and General Relativity With Applications to White Dwarfs, Ne
Special and General Relativity are concisely developed together with essential aspects of nuclear and particle physics. Problem sets are provided for many chapters, making the book ideal for a course on the physics of white dwarf and neutron star interior
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ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS LIBRARY G. Borner, Garching, Germany A. Burkert, Miinchen, German y W. B. Burton, Charlottesville, VA, USA and Leiden, The Netherlands M. A. Dopita, Canberra, Australia A. Eckart, Koln, Germany T. Encrenaz, Meudon, France E. K. Grebel, Basel, Switzerland B. Leibundgut, Garching, German y J. Lequeu x, Paris, France A. Maeder, Sauverny, Switzerland V. Trimble , College Park, MD, and Irvine, CA, USA
Norman K. Glendenning
Special and General Relativity With Applications to White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars and Black Holes First Edition
fd Springer
Norman K. Glendenning Laurence Berkeley National Laboratory Nuclear Science Division & Institute for Nuclear & Particle Astrophysics One Cyclotron Rd, MS 70R319 Berkeley, CA 94720 U.S.A.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2007921529 ISBN 10: 0-387-47106-5 ISBN 13: 978-0-387-47106-8
eISBN 10: 0-387-47109-X eISBN 13: 978-0-387-47109-9
Printed on acid-free paper. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed in the United States of America. 9 8 765 432 1 springer.com
I dedicate this book to my youngest child, Nathan
Preface There are magnificent tomes on General Relativity, the greatest of all being Gravitation by C. Misner, K. Thorne, and J. Wheeler, and Gravitation and Cosmology by S. Weinberg, both of which include some of the interesting historical context. Nevertheless, a smaller book that the covers the mathematics of curved spacetimes through to the development of the General Relativity-briefly but completely-and provides as well succinct chapters on White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, Black Holes, and Cosmology, has been suggested by some who have read my earlier book on Compact Stars. I would like to mention as well a little known book by the great Paul Dirac. It will probably hold the distinction of being the briefest of all expositions of General Relativity alone. There are no applications to relativistic objects aside from black holes. Norman K. Glendenning Lawrence Radiation Laboratory One Cyclotron Road University of California Berkeley, California 94720
January 1, 2007
Contents Preface 1
2
3
Introduction 1.1 Compact Stars . 1.2 Compact Stars and Relativistic Physics 1.3 Compact Stars and Dense-Matter Physics
vii 1 2 5 6
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Special Relativity 2.1 Lorentz Invariance . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1
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