Specific dynamic variations in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 and severe influenza A patients: a re
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Specific dynamic variations in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 and severe influenza A patients: a retrospective observational study Fang Qian1†, Guiju Gao1†, Yangzi Song1†, Yanli Xu1†, Aibin Wang1, Sa Wang1, Yiwei Hao2, Meiling Chen2, Xiaoyang Ma3, Tianwei Zhao1, Xiaodi Guo4, Zhihai Chen1* and Fujie Zhang1*
Abstract Background: Both COVID-19 and influenza A contribute to increased mortality among the elderly and those with existing comorbidities. Changes in the underlying immune mechanisms determine patient prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the role of lymphocyte subsets in the immunopathogenesisof COVID-19 and severe influenza A, and examined the clinical significance of their alterations in the prognosis and recovery duration. Methods: By retrospectively reviewing of patients in four groups (healthy controls, severe influenza A, non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19) who were admitted to Ditan hospital between 2018 to 2020, we performed flow cytometric analysis and compared the absolute counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subsets of the patients at different time points (weeks 1–4). Results: We reviewed the patients’ data of 94 healthy blood donors, 80 Non-severe-COVID-19, 19 Severe-COVID-19 and 37 severe influenza A. We found total lymphocytes (0.81 × 109/L vs 1.74 × 109/L, P = 0.001; 0.87 × 109/L vs 1.74 × 109/L, P < 0.0001, respectively) and lymphocyte subsets (T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets) of severe COVID-19 and severe influenza A patients to be significantly lower than those of healthy donors at early infection stages. Further, significant dynamic variations were observed at different time points (weeks 1–4). Conclusions: Our study suggests the plausible role of lymphocyte subsets in disease progression, which in turn affects prognosis and recovery duration in patients with severe COVID-19 and influenza A. Keywords: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), Severe influenza A, Lymphocyte, T cells subsets
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Fang Qian, Guiju Gao, Yangzi Song and Yanli Xu contributed equally to this work. 1 Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.8, Jing shun Dong jie, Chaoyang 100015, District Beijing, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not p
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