Sports-related wrist and hand injuries: a review
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REVIEW
Open Access
Sports-related wrist and hand injuries: a review Daniel M. Avery III*, Craig M. Rodner and Cory M. Edgar
Abstract Background: Hand and wrist injuries are common during athletics and can have a significant impact especially if initially disregarded. Due to their high level of physical demand, athletes represent a unique subset of the population. Main body: The following is an overview of hand and wrist injuries commonly seen in athletics. Information regarding evaluation, diagnosis, conservative measures, and surgical treatment are provided. Conclusion: Knowledge of these entities and special consideration for the athlete can help the team physician effectively treat these players and help them achieve their goals. Keywords: Hand injuries, Wrist injuries, Sports, Return to play, Ligament, Fracture, Surgical treatment Abbreviations: PA, Posteroanterior; CT, Computed tomography; MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging; SL, Scapholunate; DISI, Dorsal intercalated segmental instability; ECU, Extensor carpi ulnaris; TFCC, Triangular fibrocartilage complex; US, Ultrasound; FDP, Flexor digitorum profundus; UCL, Ulnar collateral ligament; MCPJ, Metacarpophalnageal joint; IP, Interphalangeal; ROM, Range of motion; AP, Anteroposterior; K-wires, Kirschner wires; PIP, Proximal interphalangeal; EDC, extensor digitorum communis; DIP, Distal interphalangeal; FDS, Flexor digitorum superficialis
Background Approximately 25 % of all sports-related injuries involve the hand or wrist [1, 2], and incidence is growing not only due to the competitive level of high school and collegiate athletes but also due to the activity level of the general population [3]. While the shoulder and knee are the commonly thought of in athletic injury, hand and wrist injuries are common and can have a significant impact especially if initially disregarded with a resultant delay to treatment. Due to the high level of physical demand for function, athletes represent a unique subset of the population. Injury time can have a significant impact on scholarship opportunities or jeopardize professional aspirations with direct financial impact. Knowledge of common sports-related injuries and therapeutic strategies can help the physician effectively treat the athlete considering their sports, position, and timing during season. The following is an * Correspondence: [email protected] University of Connecticut Musculoskeletal Institute, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington CT, 06030-4037, USA
overview of hand and wrist injuries commonly seen in athletics. Information regarding evaluation, diagnosis, conservative measures, and surgical treatment are provided.
Radial-sided wrist injuries Scaphoid fracture
Scaphoid fractures are the most commonly injured carpal bone [4] with a high incidence in college football players [5] and an increasing incidence in female athletes [6]. This hyperextension wrist injury tends to occur in a pronated, radially deviated hand. Presentation can range from disabling wrist pain to mild swelling and decreased range of moti
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