Springer Handbook of Enzymes Class 2 Transferases EC 2.7.11.17-2.8

Springer Handbook of Enzymes provides data on enzymes sufficiently well characterized. It offers concise and complete descriptions of some 5,000 enzymes and their application areas. Data sheets are arranged in their EC-Number sequence and the volumes them

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Dietmar Schomburg and Ida Schomburg (Eds.)

Springer Handbook of Enzymes Supplement Volume S4 Class 2 Transferases EC 2.7.11.17–2.8 coedited by Antje Chang

Second Edition

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Professor Dietmar Schomburg e-mail: [email protected] Dr. Ida Schomburg e-mail: [email protected]

Technical University Braunschweig Bioinformatics & Systems Biology Langer Kamp 19b 38106 Braunschweig Germany

Dr. Antje Chang e-mail: [email protected]

Library of Congress Control Number: applied for

ISBN 978-3-540-85700-6

2nd Edition Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York

The first edition was published as the “Enzyme Handbook, edited by D. and I. Schomburg”.

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springer.com # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and free for general use. The publisher cannot assume any legal responsibility for given data, especially as far as directions for the use and the handling of chemicals and biological material are concerned. This information can be obtained from the instructions on safe laboratory practice and from the manufacturers of chemicals and laboratory equipment. Cover design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg Typesetting: medionet Publishing Services Ltd., Berlin Printed on acid-free paper

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Preface

Today, as the full information about the genome is becoming available for a rapidly increasing number of organisms and transcriptome and proteome analyses are beginning to provide us with a much wider image of protein regulation and function, it is obvious that there are limitations to our ability to access functional data for the gene products – the proteins and, in particular, for enzymes. Those data are inherently very difficult to collect, interpret and standardize as they are widely distributed among journals from different fields and are often subject to experimental conditions. Nevertheless a systematic collection is essential for our interpretation of genome information and more so for applications of this knowledge in the fields of medicine, agriculture, etc. Progress on enzyme immobilisation, enzyme production, enzyme inhibition, coenzyme regeneration and enzyme engineering has opened up fascinating new fields for the potential application of enzymes in