Squamous cell cancer of the temporal bone: a review of the literature
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OTOLOGY
Squamous cell cancer of the temporal bone: a review of the literature Matt Lechner1,2 · Liam Sutton1 · Charlotte Murkin1 · Liam Masterson3 · Paul O’Flynn3,4 · Michael J. Wareing1 · Taranjit Tatla5 · Shakeel Saeed6,7 Received: 24 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background and aims Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the temporal bone is a rare malignancy accounting for only 0.2% of head and neck cancers. There is currently no clear consensus on staging or common approach to management. It is the aim of this work to provide the readers with a review of the current literature on this malignancy. Methods A literature review was performed identifying 16 case series with patient numbers ranging from 12 to 124. A total of 708 patients were included in this review, 67% presented with advanced disease. 578 cases were managed operatively with lateral temporal bone resection, some underwent local resection alone in early stage disease. In all studies radiation therapy was used as an adjunct to some degree. Results More than half of studies reported 100% either 2-, 3- or 5-year survival for T1 and T2 disease with no nodal involvement. Survival correlated with disease stage and in five studies SCC differentiation was found to be a significant prognostic factor. Post-operative radiotherapy was found to improve survival in only one study. Conclusions Temporal bone SCC is a readily treatable malignancy in early stage disease, however late stage disease has a poor prognosis. Differentiation of the SCC and stage of disease at presentation appear to have the greatest influence on 5-year survival rates. Further work is required in both the identification of early stage disease and in the treatment of later T3 and T4 lesions.
Introduction Matt Lechner, Liam Sutton and Charlotte Murkin contributed equally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06281-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Matt Lechner [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
2
UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6DD, UK
3
Department of ENT, Adenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
4
Head and Neck Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, Euston Road, London NW1 2PG, UK
5
Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow Road, Harrow, London, UK
6
Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, 330 Grays Inn Road, London WC1X 8DA, UK
7
UCL Ear Institute, 332 Gray’s Inn Road, London, UK
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the temporal bone is a rare malignancy, occurring in less than 6 individuals per million each year, accounting for 0.2% of all head and neck cancers [1, 2]. Despite some improvements in outcome over the past several decades, overall 5-year survival remains relatively poor at 36–67% [3
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