Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data

The revised second edition of this textbook provides the reader with a solid foundation in probability theory and statistics as applied to the physical sciences, engineering and related fields. It covers a broad range of numerical and analytical methods t

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Massimiliano Bonamente

Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data Second Edition

Graduate Texts in Physics Series editors Kurt H. Becker, Polytechnic School of Engineering, Brooklyn, USA Jean-Marc Di Meglio, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France Sadri Hassani, Illinois State University, Normal, USA Bill Munro, NTT Basic Research Laboratories, Atsugi, Japan Richard Needs, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK William T. Rhodes, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA Susan Scott, Australian National University, Acton, Australia H. Eugene Stanley, Boston University, Boston, USA Martin Stutzmann, TU München, Garching, Germany Andreas Wipf, Friedrich-Schiller-Univ Jena, Jena, Germany

Graduate Texts in Physics Graduate Texts in Physics publishes core learning/teaching material for graduateand advanced-level undergraduate courses on topics of current and emerging fields within physics, both pure and applied. These textbooks serve students at the MS- or PhD-level and their instructors as comprehensive sources of principles, definitions, derivations, experiments and applications (as relevant) for their mastery and teaching, respectively. International in scope and relevance, the textbooks correspond to course syllabi sufficiently to serve as required reading. Their didactic style, comprehensiveness and coverage of fundamental material also make them suitable as introductions or references for scientists entering, or requiring timely knowledge of, a research field.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8431

Massimiliano Bonamente

Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data

Second Edition

123

Massimiliano Bonamente University of Alabama Huntsville Alabama, USA

ISSN 1868-4513 Graduate Texts in Physics ISBN 978-1-4939-6570-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6572-4

ISSN 1868-4521 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-4939-6572-4 (eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016957885 1st edition: © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 2nd edition: © Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2017 © Springer Science+Busines Media New York 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors giv