Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Principles and Practices
This book serves as a practical guide for the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy in clinics. On the basis of more than 10 years of clinical experience with lung cancer, liver cancer and other cancers, a remarkable volume of knowledge has been accu
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Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Principles and Practices
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Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Yasushi Nagata Editor
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Principles and Practices
Editor Yasushi Nagata Department of Radiation Oncology Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima, Japan
ISBN 978-4-431-54882-9 ISBN 978-4-431-54883-6 DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-54883-6
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015945334 Springer Tokyo Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer Japan 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Japan KK is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) became possible when advanced diagnostic imaging detected small lesions and radiotherapy was applied to the precise tumor location. Diagnostic imaging advancement is indebted to Professor Shinji Takahashi, who developed computerized tomography (CT) that could detect much smaller lesions in the lung than chest X-ray could. Also adequate metastatic work-up can select out pure stage I non-small-cell lung cancer from other sites of metastasis that can be handled by SBRT with or without systemic treatment. It is very important to know that SBRT uses a much higher dose per fraction compared to conventional radiotherapy, which means the usual linear-quadratic (LQ) model and biologically effective dose (BED) do not apply for SBRT. We have learned 4 R (re-oxygenation, re-distribution, repopulation, and repair) when conventional fractionated radiotherapy was used, which is not applied for SBRT for small lesions. SBRT has effects against tumor vasculature and enhances host immunity, leading to increased antitumor effects. This is an exciting area to investigate in future. Advancement of sophisticated radiation treatment equipment and understanding the physics of utilization of the equipment for SBRT rapidly became clinical applications for the primary lung or hepatic lesions as well as for ot
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