Strategy to improve crude oil biodegradation in oligotrophic aquatic environments: W/O/W fertilized emulsions and hydroc
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ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY - RESEARCH PAPER
Strategy to improve crude oil biodegradation in oligotrophic aquatic environments: W/O/W fertilized emulsions and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria Edmo Montes Rodrigues 1,2 Marcos Rogério Tótola 1
&
Alvaro Vianna Novaes de Carvalho Teixeira 3 & Dionéia Evangelista Cesar 4 &
Received: 3 October 2019 / Accepted: 8 February 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020
Abstract We studied petroleum biodegradation by biostimulation by using water in oil in water (W/O/W) double emulsions. These emulsions were developed using seawater, canola oil, surfactants, and mineral salts as sources of NPK. The emulsions were used in the simulation of hydrocarbon bioremediation in oligotrophic sea water. Hydrocarbon biodegradation was evaluated by CO2 emissions from microcosms. We also evaluated the release of inorganic nutrients and the stability of the emulsion’s droplets. The double emulsions improved CO2 emission from the microcosms, suggesting the increase in the hydrocarbon biodegradation. Mineral nutrients were gradually released from the emulsions supporting the hydrocarbon biodegradation. This was attributed to the formation of different diameters of droplets and therefore, varying stabilities of the droplets. Addition of the selected hydrocarbonoclastic isolates simulating bioaugmentation improved the hydrocarbon biodegradation. We conclude that the nutrient-rich W/O/W emulsion developed in this study is an effective biostimulation agent for bioremediation in oligotrophic aquatic environments. Keywords Microbial metabolism . Inorganic nutrients . Surface/volume ratio . Biostimulation . Bioaugmentation
Introduction Seawater and other aquatic environments are subject to contamination by various chemicals used by modern societies. Among them, one of the most prominent and dangerous Responsible Editor: LUCY SELDIN. * Edmo Montes Rodrigues [email protected] * Marcos Rogério Tótola [email protected] 1
Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade para o Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, Centro, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
2
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará – IFCE – campus Camocim, Camocim, Ceará, Brazil
3
Laboratório de Microflúidica e Fluidos Complexos, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
4
Laboratório de Ecologia e Biologia Molecular de Microorganismos, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
contaminants is petroleum hydrocarbons [1–3]. Accidents involving oil spillage in aquatic environments result in both immediate and chronic disturbances to the local biota, due to toxicity and recalcitrance of many hydrocarbons, along with their interaction with all lifeforms [3–5]. Different technologies have been developed to remediate aquatic environments affected by oil spillage, aiming to minimize environmental damages and economic losses caused by the presence of h
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