Structural elucidation of fucoidans from Sargassum pallidum
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Structural elucidation of fucoidans from Sargassum pallidum Xin Liu 1,2 & Bin Liu 1 & Xiaolei Wei 1 & Yaping Shi 2 & Airong Jia 2 & Changyun Wang 1 Received: 28 June 2020 / Revised and accepted: 28 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The brown alga Sargassum pallidum has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat a variety of diseases. Fucoidan is an important bioactive component in S. pallidum; however, its chemical structure has not been thoroughly investigated. In the present study, two fucoidan fractions (SPF-1 and SPF-2) from S. pallidum were obtained by extraction with hot-water, ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography. The structural characterizations of SPF-1 and SPF-2 were investigated using the high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and gas chromatography (GC), followed by periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and methylation analysis. The results revealed the monosaccharide composition of SPF1 and SPF-2 to be fucose, mannose, and galactose with small amounts of glucose, xylose, and rhamnose. The molecular weight of SPF-1 and SPF-2 was estimated to be 61.5 kDa and 167.6 kDa, respectively. The backbone of SPF-1 was mainly constituted by (1→3) linked Fuc, (1→3) linked Man, and (1→3,4) linked Man whereas the branches were composed of (1→3) linked Fuc. SPF2 was a branched polysaccharide with a backbone consisted of (1→3) linked Fuc, (1→3) linked Gal, and (1→3,4) linked Gal and branches composed of (1→3) linked Fuc or Gal. In vitro bioassay revealed that SPF-2 showed higher cytotoxic activity than SPF1 against P388 and A549 cells. These results provided an insight into the utilization and development of seaweed resources. Keywords Fucoidan . Sargassum pallidum . Phaeophyceae . Structure elucidation . Cytotoxic activity
Introduction Fucoidan, a sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharide, is predominantly found in almost all the brown algae except terrestrial plants; their major components are dominated by fucose and sulfate ester groups (Lim et al. 2019). For the past few decades, fucoidans isolated from different species have been extensively investigated due to their various biological activities, including antitumor, antivirus, anticoagulant, antiinflammatory effects, blood lipid reducing, hepatoprotective antioxidant and anticomplementary properties, activity against hepatopathy, uropathy and renal pathology, gastric protective effects, and has therapeutic potential in surgery (Li et al. 2008; Fitton 2011; Murphy et al. 2014; Chale-Dzul et al. 2015; Hifney et al. 2016; Wang et al. 2019; Li et al. * Changyun Wang [email protected] Airong Jia [email protected] 1
School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s Republic of China
2
Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, People’s Republic of China
2020). Therefore, exploring the structure and bioactivity of fucoidan could provide an insight into the developing and utilizing the brown algae resource
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