Structure and properties of rapidly solidified dispersion-strengthened titanium alloys: Part I. Characterization of disp
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Cerium (wt%) 1400 0
1
Erbium (wt%) 020 40 60 80 90 1800 _ ' ~ ~l ' '1 ' 1 ' I
2 1330~
t
1600
2400
--
13oo -I
I C o
.o 1100 - I
1000-I
e,~
C
o -- 2000
_
70O 0 Ti (a)
--1600
800-
I 0.5
2400 10001200f0"3885 + 5o 7 : : : : - ~ 2000 [-
i--,
1600
800 I i .3
800
-
600 --400
2000
1.0
I 0
1
20
I
1800[,,,
"I
I
1600 k"'I.,X "
'I
1500~
-
2400
'
~ +L
_ 0.7
~. 8 o o -~
1400
'~ p 1200
9oo~
~(
(B-Ti)
_
600- I
--
~ + La
x r 600
2400~
-
1 2 (d)
4
I
I
6
8
400
400
0
~--
0.5
l
i
I
2
3
-- 2200 (~
~
K
- ~~)(1652~ I~,..~k----~875 1000 [] L i [850(1562OF) 00.20.4 900 - at.%Y
-~ 800
-- 2000
~
-- 1800 - 1600
800
4
-
(o~-Ti)
+ (c~-Y)
Neodymium (at.%) 10
700
Lanthanum (at. %)
(o~-Y)
79 98.7
1600 ~ ~ 1100
(c~-Ti) --~ 1200 0.60 (oL-Ti) + (Nd)
1
(~-Y)
,600
~ 1300
i
0.52
30OO
(/3-Ti) + (o~-Y)
900~
I
100
I
1400
800
800
I
-- 2000 ~ ~ 1200
r
1200
Yttrium ( w t % ) 40 60 80
I
/3-Ti) + (Nd)
-- 1600
1.4
20
1500
I
- 2000 1000 -
1200 100
1600
1600 --X~(/3-Ti) + "~ -- ~ _ 2800 1550~
Fc
L) o
Neodymium (wt%) 2 4 6 8 10 '1 ' 1 ~ '1 '-- 3200
1800
1400'| ~ i 2
|200~1~
t ~
(c)
- 3200 2800
1 80
t 60
Gadolinium (at.%)
1700
-
I 40
100
(b)
I
l 20
0
[
40 60 80 Erbium (at.%)
Lanthanum (wt%) 5 10 15 20
0
F
1400
~
1200
--
Er + (~ -Ti)
1400
2800
890 ~
400-
Cerium (at.%)
200
F
a + Ce -
100 3200
1600
2000 ~
600-
-- 1600
800
Er + (~ -Ti) 1000-
893~
882 ~
96.61- 2400
1800
--
I
1
N
1200 -
o
r
I
1,.
400
2800
-- 2200
I ~ + Ce? I
Gadolinium (wt%) 020 40 60 70 80 90 8 0 0 ~ ! ~
"" ~ .
~" 1400 -- 1320 _+ 20 ~
1200--I
100 - 3200
(e)
(f)
1
20
t
1
[
40 60 80 Yttrium (at.%)
--
1400
lOO
Fig. 1-- Phase diagrams of Ti-RE systems. This article describes the production and heat treatment of rapidly solidified Ti/rare-earth particulates, and determ i n a t i o n of size, distribution, chemistry, and phase stability of dispersoids as functions of annealing time and temperature. Part II of this work is on the particulate consolidation and thermomechanical processing, and mechanical properties of consolidated forms.
II.
EXPERIMENTAL
PROCEDURE
The T i - R E alloys listed in Table I were prepared for this study. T h e rare earth c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f the alloys are well above the e q u i l i b r i u m solid solubility limits. Ti-Ce, Ti-Dy, T i - G d , and Ti-La alloys were prepared by T i m e t , 1452--VOLUME 15A, JULY 1984
Table
I.
Compositions
of Ti-RE
Alloys
Nominal Composition Melt Number
(Wt Pct)
(At. Pct)
Timet 5368 Timet 5617 Timet V5615 Timet 5366 RMI 22038 Timet 5369 Timet 5615 RMI 21152 RMI 22037 RMI 21150 Timet 5362
Ti- 1.0Ce Ti-2.0Dy Ti-0.5Er Ti-1.0Er Ti-2.0Er Ti-l.5Gd Ti-2.0La Ti-l.5Nd Ti-3.0Nd Ti-I.0Y Ti-I.5Y
Ti-0.34Ce Ti-0.60Dy Ti-0.15Er Ti-0.29Er Ti-0.58Er Ti-0.46Gd Ti-0.70La Ti-0.50Nd Ti-l.0Nd Ti-0.54Y Ti-0.81Y
METALLURGICALTRANSACTIONSA
Henderson, NV, by arc-melting 250-g ingots from Ti-35A grade titanium and 99.9 pct pure rare earth elements in a dry
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